Now showing items 21-30 of 126
The Price Effects of Cash Versus In-Kind Transfers
(2011-10-11)
This paper compares how cash and in-kind transfers affect local prices. Both types
of transfers increase the demand for normal goods, but only in-kind transfers also increase supply. Hence, in-kind transfers should lead ...
Why Is Multinational Status Important? Evidence from Job Creation and Job Destruction in Japan
(2007-03-20)
Previous studies of job creation and job destruction (JCJD) have found that the gross job reallocation rate greatly exceeded the net job creation rate even in a narrowly defined industry or the same international trade ...
When and Why Post-Communist Parties Become More Liberal
(2006-05-24)
All of the Central and Eastern European countries making the transition to a market democracy have developed liberal constituencies and parties, albeit of various sizes and influence. Notably in some important cases it ...
Why Don't Firms Take Advantage of More Flexible Labor Options? Regulation, Enforcement and Corruption,
(2007-09-12)
This paper investigates how employment regulations affect firms’ use of more
flexible employment arrangements. Using firm level data from 27 countries in Eastern
Europe and Central Asia the paper not only looks at ...
Does Gender Matter for Firm Performance? Evidence from Eastern Europe and Central Asia
(2008-10-16)
Using 2005 firm level data for 26 countries in eastern and Central Europe, this paper estimates performance gaps between male and female-owned businesses, while controlling for location by industry and country. The findings ...
Unemployment In East and West Europe
(2007-06-13)
In this paper, we use 1991-2005 panel data on the unemployed, vacancies, inflow into unemployment, and outflow from unemployment in five former communist economies and in the western part of Germany (a benchmark western ...
Issues of Fairness in Dispute Settlement
(2008-06-27)
We first discuss what fairness may mean in the context of the dispute settlement process, noting the crucial relation between fairness in dispute settlement and the functioning of the trading system as a whole. We explore ...
Foreign Ownership and Corporate Restructuring: Direct Investment by Emerging-Market Firms in the United States
(2010-06-11)
This paper examines the recent upsurge in foreign direct investment by emerging-market firms into the United States. Traditionally, direct investment flowed from developed to developing countries, bringing with it superior ...
Savings Constraints and Microenterprise Development: Evidence from a Field Experiment in Kenya
(2010-10-27)
To what extent does the lack of access to formal financial services impede business growth in low-income countries? While most research on this issue has so far focused on credit market failures, this paper focuses on the ...
Free Trade Agreements and Governance of the Global Trading System
(2011-01-07)
This paper explores how far free trade agreements (FTAs) have strengthened or weakened global governance of the trading system. We open with an analysis of the altered political and economic context within which countries ...