DIET AND THE GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION OF MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS

Abstract

Data are presented to suggest that a geographical predisposing factor (G.P.F.) in multiple sclerosis (M.S.) may reflect regional dietary differences, and, further, that this factor is directly related to milk production or consumption. A number of biochemical hypotheses are proposed which would predict a resultant weakened blood-brain barrier or immunological defence, or the production of defective myelin, which would then increase susceptibility to the aetiological agent, possibly a virus. From the standpoint of brain development, two different ideas emerge--one, that differences in the composition of bovine and human milk, particularly during weaning, lead to the G.P.F.; the other, that drinking of milk beyond the normal nursing period is detrimental. More epidemiological studies are needed, with emphasis on diet, especially during periods of rapid brain development. Cow's milk may be an unfortunate substitute for human milk in infancy or a risky food source thereafter, or both. Epidemiological data raise these questions but do not provide ready answers. The milk correlation could be spurious, but at least ideas based on such a correlation pay attention to the most important epidemiological clue in M.S.--namely, the geographical distribution of the disease.