Reliability of physical examination of the upper extremity among keyboard operators
dc.contributor.author | Salerno, Deborah F. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Franzblau, Alfred | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Werner, Robert A. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Chung, Kevin C. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Schultz, J. Steven | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Becker, Mark P. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Armstrong, Thomas J. | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2006-04-19T13:52:19Z | |
dc.date.available | 2006-04-19T13:52:19Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2000-04 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Salerno, Deborah F.; Franzblau, Alfred; Werner, Robert A.; Chung, Kevin C.; Schultz, J. Steven; Becker, Mark P.; Armstrong, Thomas J. (2000)."Reliability of physical examination of the upper extremity among keyboard operators." American Journal of Industrial Medicine 37(4): 423-430. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/34820> | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 0271-3586 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1097-0274 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/34820 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=10706754&dopt=citation | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Background Physical examination is a traditional outcome measure in epidemiological research. Its value as a reliable measure depends, in part, on the prevalence of positive findings. The purpose of this paper is to determine the empirical reliability of physical examination and anthropometry in a field study of upper extremity disorders among keyboard operators. Methods Two experienced examiners independently performed common provocative tests and procedures in physical examinations of the neck and upper extremity among 160 keyboard operators. Two additional examiners conducted anthropometric surveys among 137 workers. Inter-examiner reliability was assessed with observed agreement, kappa statistics, and intra-class correlations (ICC). Results Observed agreement was between 96% and 100% for neck and upper extremity signs, muscle stretch reflexes, and muscle strength, however, with the exception of provocative tests, reliability statistics were unstable. Among the provocative tests, Phalen and Tinel tests had modest agreement after adjusting for chance (Κ range: 0.20–0.43). The carpal compression test had the best reliability (Κ=0.60 and Κ=0.67, left and right side, respectively). The ICCs for anthropometry ranged from 0.36–0.91. Conclusions Results from the study showed that statistically, except for the carpal compression test, physical examination contributed minimal reliable information. This was attributed mainly to the low prevalence of positive findings, and generally mild nature of upper extremity disorders in this population. The results are the best estimate of what would be found in a field study with experienced examiners. While it may reduce bias, separating physical examination from medical history may contribute to the poor reliability of findings. With a shift toward reliable measures, resources can be allocated to more effective tools, like questionnaires, in epidemiological research of upper extremity disorders among keyboard operators. Am. J. Ind. Med. 37:423–430, 2000. © 2000 Wiley-Liss, Inc. | en_US |
dc.format.extent | 128827 bytes | |
dc.format.extent | 3118 bytes | |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.format.mimetype | text/plain | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | |
dc.publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Life and Medical Sciences | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology | en_US |
dc.title | Reliability of physical examination of the upper extremity among keyboard operators | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.rights.robots | IndexNoFollow | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Public Health | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Health Sciences | en_US |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI ; Center for Ergonomics, School of Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI ; Department of Environmental and Industrial Health, The University of Michigan, School of Public Health, 1420 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029. | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Environmental Health Science, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI ; Center for Ergonomics, School of Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI ; Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Veterans Administration Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Section of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, The University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, MI | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, School of Medicine, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Center for Ergonomics, School of Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI ; Department of Industrial and Operations Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 10706754 | en_US |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/34820/1/12_ftp.pdf | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1097-0274(200004)37:4<423::AID-AJIM12>3.0.CO;2-W | en_US |
dc.identifier.source | American Journal of Industrial Medicine | en_US |
dc.owningcollname | Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed |
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