Nonparametric permutation tests for functional neuroimaging: A primer with examples
dc.contributor.author | Nichols, Thomas E. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Holmes, Andrew P. | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2006-04-19T14:15:45Z | |
dc.date.available | 2006-04-19T14:15:45Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2002-01 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Nichols, Thomas E.; Holmes, Andrew P. (2002)."Nonparametric permutation tests for functional neuroimaging: A primer with examples." Human Brain Mapping 15(1): 1-25. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/35194> | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1065-9471 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1097-0193 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/35194 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=11747097&dopt=citation | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Requiring only minimal assumptions for validity, nonparametric permutation testing provides a flexible and intuitive methodology for the statistical analysis of data from functional neuroimaging experiments, at some computational expense. Introduced into the functional neuroimaging literature by Holmes et al. ([ 1996 ]: J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 16:7–22), the permutation approach readily accounts for the multiple comparisons problem implicit in the standard voxel-by-voxel hypothesis testing framework. When the appropriate assumptions hold, the nonparametric permutation approach gives results similar to those obtained from a comparable Statistical Parametric Mapping approach using a general linear model with multiple comparisons corrections derived from random field theory. For analyses with low degrees of freedom, such as single subject PET/SPECT experiments or multi-subject PET/SPECT or f MRI designs assessed for population effects, the nonparametric approach employing a locally pooled (smoothed) variance estimate can outperform the comparable Statistical Parametric Mapping approach. Thus, these nonparametric techniques can be used to verify the validity of less computationally expensive parametric approaches. Although the theory and relative advantages of permutation approaches have been discussed by various authors, there has been no accessible explication of the method, and no freely distributed software implementing it. Consequently, there have been few practical applications of the technique. This article, and the accompanying MATLAB software, attempts to address these issues. The standard nonparametric randomization and permutation testing ideas are developed at an accessible level, using practical examples from functional neuroimaging, and the extensions for multiple comparisons described. Three worked examples from PET and f MRI are presented, with discussion, and comparisons with standard parametric approaches made where appropriate. Practical considerations are given throughout, and relevant statistical concepts are expounded in appendices. Hum. Brain Mapping 15:1–25, 2001. © 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc. | en_US |
dc.format.extent | 486442 bytes | |
dc.format.extent | 3118 bytes | |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.format.mimetype | text/plain | |
dc.language.iso | en_US | |
dc.publisher | John Wiley & Sons, Inc. | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Life and Medical Sciences | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Neuroscience, Neurology and Psychiatry | en_US |
dc.title | Nonparametric permutation tests for functional neuroimaging: A primer with examples | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.rights.robots | IndexNoFollow | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Neurosciences | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Kinesiology and Sports | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Health Sciences | en_US |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Department of Statistics, University of Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom ; Wellcome Department of Cognitive Neurology, Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom ; Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, Department of Statistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK G12 8QQ | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 11747097 | en_US |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/35194/1/1058_ftp.pdf | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hbm.1058 | en_US |
dc.identifier.source | Human Brain Mapping | en_US |
dc.owningcollname | Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed |
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