Gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography of visceral arteries in patients with suspected chronic mesenteric ischemia

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate accuracy of dynamic gadolinium-enhanced MR angiography (MRA) of the celiac, superior, and inferior mesenteric arteries in patients with suspected mesenteric ischemia compared with catheter angiography or surgery. Sixty-five patients with suspected mesenteric ischemia underwent three-dimensional spoiled gradient-recalled acquisition in the steady state (GRASS) gadolinium-enhanced MRA. Correlative studies were performed on 14 patients, catheter angiography alone was performed on 12 patients, and surgery alone was performed on two patients. Six patients had mesenteric ischemia. In all patients, the celiac artery (CA) and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) were seen well enough to evaluate; however, the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) could be evaluated in only 9 of the 14 patients. MRA showed severe stenosis (>75%) or occlusion of the celiac axis in seven patients, of the SMA in six patients, and of the IMA in four patients. The overall sensitivity and specificity were 100% and 95%, respectively, compared with catheter angiography and surgery. The two errors were caused by overgrading the severity of IMA disease. Three-dimensional gadolinium-enhanced MRA can accurately demonstrate the origins of the CA and SMA and is useful in evaluation of patients with suspected mesenteric ischemia.