A comparative study of secondary succession in a northern lower Michigan cedar swamp.

Abstract

A .25 acre lowland permanent plot in northern lower Michigan was analyzed for changes in community structure and population dynamics. In 1932 plot BS 32A was initially surveyed to begin a study of secondary succession in a swamp populated by Thuja occidentalis, Picea mariana, and Abies balsamea. In 63 years, interference has occurred to inhibit the survivorship of Abies balsamea. The relative dominance of the Abies balsamea has decreased from 33% in 1932 to 6.8% in 1995, and there has been a decline in its relative density and importance values. A primary canopy dominated by Picea mariana corresponding with a sub canopy of Thuja occidentalis, has developed since 1932. The mean heights for Thuja occidentalis and Picea mariana has increased from approximately 3.0 m in 1932 to 5.23 m and 12.69 m, respectively, in 1995.