Naltrexone Reduces Ethanol- and/or Water-Reinforced Responding in Rhesus Monkeys: Effect Depends Upon Ethanol Concentration
dc.contributor.author | Williams, Keith L. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Woods, James H. | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2010-04-01T15:52:40Z | |
dc.date.available | 2010-04-01T15:52:40Z | |
dc.date.issued | 1999-09 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Williams, Keith L; Woods, James H. (1999). "Naltrexone Reduces Ethanol- and/or Water-Reinforced Responding in Rhesus Monkeys: Effect Depends Upon Ethanol Concentration." Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research 23(9): 1462-1467. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/66374> | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 0145-6008 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1530-0277 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/66374 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=10512311&dopt=citation | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | The opioid antagonist naltrexone reduces responding for ethanol. If naltrexone produces this effect by blocking ethanol-induced opioid activity, then naltrexone should reduce responding for ethanol regardless of level of the ethanol responding relative to an alternatively available reinforcer. In addition, if naltrexone competitively blocks ethanol-induced opioid activity, then the naltrexone effect may be surmountable by increasing ethanol concentration and, thus, ethanol intake (g/kg). This study was conducted to determine whether naltrexone will selectively reduce ethanol-reinforced responding when the ethanol concentration is varied such that ethanol fluid deliveries are less than, greater than, or equal to the fluid deliveries of concurrently available water. Methods : Four adult male rhesus monkeys were allowed to respond for ethanol or water concurrently for 2 hr per day. Ethanol concentration was either 2%, 8%, or 32%. On various days, either saline or naltrexone (0.1 mg/kg) was given intramuscularly 30 min before the drinking session. Results : When ethanol fluid deliveries were greater than those of water (at 2% ethanol), naltrexone reduced responding for ethanol. When the ethanol and water fluid deliveries were approximately equal (at 8% ethanol), naltrexone reduced both ethanol and water fluid deliveries. When water fluid deliveries were greater than those of ethanol (at 32% ethanol), naltrexone reduced responding for water. Conclusions : Thus, naltrexone reduced responding for the preferred fluid, either ethanol or water, depending on ethanol concentration. The effect was not surmountable by increasing ethanol concentration and, therefore, ethanol intake (g/kg). Naltrexone may reduce ethanol-reinforced responding by a mechanism other than that of blocking ethanol-induced opioid activity. Naltrexone may be inducing an aversive interoceptive state. | en_US |
dc.format.extent | 680150 bytes | |
dc.format.extent | 3110 bytes | |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.format.mimetype | text/plain | |
dc.publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd | en_US |
dc.rights | 1999 The Research Society on Alcoholism | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Opiate Antagonists | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Drinking | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Alcohol | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Operant Responding | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Preference | en_US |
dc.title | Naltrexone Reduces Ethanol- and/or Water-Reinforced Responding in Rhesus Monkeys: Effect Depends Upon Ethanol Concentration | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.rights.robots | IndexNoFollow | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Medicine (General) | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Health Sciences | en_US |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Departments of Psychology (K.L. W., J.H. W.) and Pharmacology (J.H.W.), University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan. | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 10512311 | en_US |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/66374/1/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04668.x.pdf | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1111/j.1530-0277.1999.tb04668.x | en_US |
dc.identifier.source | Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research | en_US |
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dc.owningcollname | Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed |
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