A Test of Interventions to Increase Adherence to Hypertensive Medical Regimens

Abstract

Low rates of adherence to hypertensive therapy limit patients' securing the full benefits of treatment. While some factors related to adherence have been identified, research on the effectiveness of interventions to increase adherence levels is sparse. The present study was designed to assess the impact of a series of different interventions on a group of some 400 patients, all under the care of private physicians in a small community. A factorial design was employed to deliver four, sequential educational interventions, about four months apart, to randomly selected sub-groups. Interviews before and after each intervention provided information concerning self-reported adherence, health status, health beliefs, and personal characteristics. Pertinent medical records and pharmacy data were also obtained. The first intervention—printed material—did not significantly affect adherence. The second and fourth interventions—nurse telephone calls and social support—each increased medication taking and the third intervention—self-monitoring—led to better weight control. There was no cumulative impact of the interventions and different aspects of regimens were not signiticantly related to one another.