Vibration‐Hindered Rotation Interactions in Methyl Alcohol. The J=0→1 Transition

Abstract

The hindered rotation fine structure of the J=0→1, K=0→0 transition which has been observed by Venkateswarlu, Edwards, and Gordy in normal methanol as well as in five additional isotopic species can be understood only qualitatively on the basis of earlier investigations of the theory of hindered rotation in methanol. It has been shown that the frequency separations between the various torsional transitions and the splitting of each of these can be explained quantitatively by including in the theory the effects of the vibration‐hindered rotation interactions during the rotation of the whole molecular framework in space. The effects of the asymmetry of the rigid hindered rotator, the Coriolis interactions, and the centrifugal distortion of the molecule are discussed separately. A frequency formula for the transition is derived which contains essentially only four new rotational constants. Three of these depend solely upon the known structure of the molecule and the elastic force constants and can therefore be calculated from a knowledge of the vibrational spectrum. Since this latter has never been analyzed in more than a rough way some small adjustments have been made in the indicated values of the elastic constants which are within the limits of uncertainty. This adjustment is made for the normal molecule after which the three rotational constants are calculated for the remaining isotopic species without further adjustment. The fourth constant in the frequency formula describes the dependence of the barrier height upon the normal coordinates and is the only constant which must be determined empirically for each isotopic species. It has thus been possible to predict the 30 observed separations and splittings with the aid of essentially only six empirical constants. The agreement with experiment is remarkably good with one possible exception where the theory predicts for the fully deuterated methanol a very large splitting of the normal state line whereas the line in question is observed to be single. It is not improbable, however, that the large splitting actually exists and that the second component lay too far away to be recognized.