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Effects of alcoholism severity and smoking on executive neurocognitive function
dc.contributor.authorGlass, Jennifer M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorBuu, Anneen_US
dc.contributor.authorAdams, Kenneth M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorNigg, Joel T.en_US
dc.contributor.authorPuttler, Leon I.en_US
dc.contributor.authorJester, Jennifer M.en_US
dc.contributor.authorZucker, Robert A.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2010-06-01T20:53:13Z
dc.date.available2010-06-01T20:53:13Z
dc.date.issued2009-01en_US
dc.identifier.citationGlass, Jennifer M.; Buu, Anne; Adams, Kenneth M.; Nigg, Joel T.; Puttler, Leon I.; Jester, Jennifer M.; Zucker, Robert A. (2009). "Effects of alcoholism severity and smoking on executive neurocognitive function." Addiction 104(1): 38-48. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/73983>en_US
dc.identifier.issn0965-2140en_US
dc.identifier.issn1360-0443en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/73983
dc.identifier.urihttp://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=19133887&dopt=citationen_US
dc.description.abstractAims  Neurocognitive deficits in chronic alcoholic men are well documented. Impairments include memory, visual–spatial processing, problem solving and executive function. The cause of impairment could include direct effects of alcohol toxicity, pre-existing cognitive deficits that predispose towards substance abuse, comorbid psychiatric disorders and abuse of substances other than alcohol. Cigarette smoking occurs at higher rates in alcoholism and has been linked to poor cognitive performance, yet the effects of smoking on cognitive function in alcoholism are often ignored. We examined whether chronic alcoholism and chronic smoking have effects on executive function. Methods  Alcoholism and smoking were examined in a community-recruited sample of alcoholic and non-alcoholic men ( n  = 240) using standard neuropsychological and reaction-time measures of executive function. Alcoholism was measured as the average level of alcoholism diagnoses across the study duration (12 years). Smoking was measured in pack-years. Results  Both alcoholism and smoking were correlated negatively with a composite executive function score. For component measures, alcoholism was correlated negatively with a broad range of measures, whereas smoking was correlated negatively with measures that emphasize response speed. In regression analyses, both smoking and alcoholism were significant predictors of executive function composite. However, when IQ is included in the regression analyses, alcoholism severity is no longer significant. Conclusions  Both smoking and alcoholism were related to executive function. However, the effect of alcoholism was not independent of IQ, suggesting a generalized effect, perhaps affecting a wide range of cognitive abilities of which executive function is a component. On the other hand, the effect of smoking on measures relying on response speed were independent of IQ, suggesting a more specific processing speed deficit associated with chronic smoking.en_US
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dc.format.extent3109 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
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dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing Ltden_US
dc.rightsJournal compilation © 2009 Society for the Study of Addictionen_US
dc.subject.otherAlcoholismen_US
dc.subject.otherCigarette Smokingen_US
dc.subject.otherCognitionen_US
dc.subject.otherExecutive Functionen_US
dc.subject.otherResponse Inhibitionen_US
dc.titleEffects of alcoholism severity and smoking on executive neurocognitive functionen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelPsychiatryen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelPublic Healthen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelHealth Sciencesen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.contributor.affiliationumUniversity of Michigan, Department of Psychiatry, Substance Abuse Section, Ann Arbor, MI anden_US
dc.contributor.affiliationumMichigan State University, Department of Psychology, East Lansing, MI, USAen_US
dc.identifier.pmid19133887en_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73983/1/j.1360-0443.2008.02415.x.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1360-0443.2008.02415.xen_US
dc.identifier.sourceAddictionen_US
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dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


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