Show simple item record

Effects of mountain gorilla foraging activities on the productivity of their food plant species

dc.contributor.authorWatts, David P.en_US
dc.date.accessioned2010-06-01T22:09:01Z
dc.date.available2010-06-01T22:09:01Z
dc.date.issued1987-09en_US
dc.identifier.citationWATTS, D. P. (1987). "Effects of mountain gorilla foraging activities on the productivity of their food plant species." African Journal of Ecology 25(3): 155-163. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/75171>en_US
dc.identifier.issn0141-6707en_US
dc.identifier.issn1365-2028en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/75171
dc.description.abstractMountain gorillas subsist principally on foliage from the dense herbaceous understorey that is found throughout most of their habitat in the Virunga Volcanoes region. Their foraging activities cause considerable structural damage to this vegetation. Those plant species that are quantitatively most important in the gorillas' diet respond to this damage by increasing primary productivity. At a sample of spots at which gorillas had fed, these species showed significantly higher growth rates over a 6-month interval than they did at nearby spots that had not been touched by the gorillas. Stem densities of herbaceous food species at feeding spots increased markedly both in comparison to their original values and to values for the same species at untouched spots. As a result, spots at which gorillas have fed are likely to become very attractive as future feeding spots. It is unlikely that gorillas ‘manage’ their habitat in any specific fashion, largely because they do not have exclusive use of their home ranges. Their activities appear to maintain habitat productivity over the short term, on a time scale relevant to patterns of area revisits by social groups, and may contribute to long term beneficial alterations of regularly used areas, however. Effects of the type reported here may have been an important aspect of the adaptation by gorillas to terrestrial folivory. RÉSUMEÉ Les gorilles de montagne s'alimentent principalement de feuillages dans le sous-bois herbacÉ dense prÉsent presque partout dans leur habitat de la rÉgion des volcans Virunga. Leurs activitÉs alimentaires causent des dommages structurels considÉrables À cette vÉgÉtation. Les plantes des espÈces qui sont quantitativement les plus importants dans le rÉgime du gorille rÉagissent À ces dÉgats en augmentant leur productivitÉ primaire. Aux postes Échantillons oÙ les gorilles se sont nourris, ces espÈces prÉsentent des taux de croissance significantivement supÉrieurs sur un intervalle de six mois, par rapport aux postes voisins qui n'ont pas ÉtÉ touchÉs par les gorilles. Les densitÉs de tiges des espÈces herbacÉes appÉtÉes aux postes de nourrissage augmentent nettement aussi bien en comparaison avec leurs valeurs antÉrieures qu'avec celles de ces měmes espÈces dans des stations non touchÉes. En consÉquence, les postes oÙ les gorilles se sont nourris ont plus de chance de devenir des futurs postes de nourrissage trÈs attractifs. Il est peu probable que les gorilles ‘gÈrent’ leur habitat d'une quelconque faÇon, surtout parce qu'ils n'ont pas l'utilisation exclusive de leur domaine vital. Leurs activitÉs semblent maintenir À court terme la productivitÉ de leur habitat, sur une Échelle de temps comprenant les visites successives de groupes sociaux, et peuvent contribuer À long terme À des altÉrations bÉnÉfiques pour ces zones rÉguliÉrement frÉquentÉes. Des effets du type rapportÉ ici peuvent avoir ÉtÉ un ÉlÉment important de l'adaptation des gorilles À la folivorie terrestre.en_US
dc.format.extent650197 bytes
dc.format.extent3109 bytes
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.format.mimetypetext/plain
dc.publisherBlackwell Publishing Ltden_US
dc.rights1987 Blackwell Publishing Ltden_US
dc.titleEffects of mountain gorilla foraging activities on the productivity of their food plant speciesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevelEcology and Evolutionary Biologyen_US
dc.subject.hlbtoplevelScienceen_US
dc.description.peerreviewedPeer Revieweden_US
dc.contributor.affiliationumDepartment of Anthropology, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, U. S. A.en_US
dc.description.bitstreamurlhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75171/1/j.1365-2028.1987.tb01102.x.pdf
dc.identifier.doi10.1111/j.1365-2028.1987.tb01102.xen_US
dc.identifier.sourceAfrican Journal of Ecologyen_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBULLOCK, S. H. ( 1978 ) Regeneration of Musa after feeding by Gorilla. Biotropica 10, 309.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceBULLOCK, S. H. ( 1981 ) Dynamics of vegetative shoots of three species of Afromamum (Zingiberaceae) in Cameroon. Adansonia ( 2 ), 20, 383 – 392.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCOUGHENOR, M. B., MCNAUGHTON, S. J. & WALLACE, L. L. ( 1985a ) Responses of an African tall grass ( Hyparrhenia filipendula Stapf.) to defoliation and limitations of water and nitrogen. Oecologia 68, 80 – 86.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceCOUGHENOR, M. B., McNAUGHTON, S. J. & WALLACE, L. L. ( 1985b ) Responses of an African graminoid ( Themeda triandra ) to frequent defoliation, nitrogen, and water: a limit of adaptation to herbivory. Oecologia 68, 105 – 110.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceEDROMA, E. L. ( 1981 ) Some effects of grazing on the productivity of grassland in Rwenzori National Park, Uganda. Afr. J. Ecol. 19, 313 – 326.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFEENY, P. ( 1976 ) Plant apparency and chemical defense. Rec. Adv. Phytochem. 10, 1 – 40.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFOSSEY, D. & HARCOURT, A. H. ( 1977 ) Feeding ecology of free-ranging mountain gorillas. In: Primate Ecology. ( ed. T. H. Clutton-Brock ). Academic Press, London.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceFOX, L. R. ( 1981 ) Defense and dynamics in plant-herbivore systems. Am. Zool. 21, 853 – 864.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceGOODALL, A. ( 1977 ) Feeding and ranging behaviour of a mountain gorilla group ( Gorilla gorilla beringei ) in the Tshibinda-Kahuzi region (Zaire). In: Primate Ecology. ( ed. T. H. Clutton-Brock ). Academic Press, London.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMCNAUGHTON, S. J. ( 1976 ) Serengeti wildebeest: facilitation of energy flow by grazing. Science 193, 92 – 94.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMCNAUGHTON, S. J. ( 1977 ) Grazing as an optimization process: grassland-ungulate relationships in the Serengeti. Am. Nat. 113, 691 – 703.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMCNAUGHTON, S. J. ( 1980 ) Grassland-ungulate dynamics. In: Serengeti: Dynamics of an Ecosystem. ( eds A. R. E. Sinclair & M. Norton-Griffiths ). University of Chicago Press, Chicago.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceMILLER, G. R., KINNAIRD, J. W. & CUMMINS, R. P. ( 1982 ) Liability of saplings to browsing on a red deer range in the Scottish highlands. J. appl. Ecol. 19, 941 – 951.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceRHOADES, D. & CATES, R. ( 1976 ) Towards a general theory of plant anti-herbivore chemistry. Rec. Adv. Phytochem. 10, 168 – 213.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceROSENTHAL, G. A. & JANZEN, D. H. ( 1979 ) Herbivores: Their Interaction With Plant Secondary Metabolites. Academic Press, New York.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSCHALLER, G. ( 1963 ) The Moutain Gorilla. University of Chicago Press, Chicago.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSNEDECOR, G. W. & COCHRAN, W. G. ( 1967 ) Statistical Methods. Iowa State University Press, Ames, Iowa.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceSPINAGE, C. ( 1972 ) The ecology and problems of the Volcano National Park, Rwanda. Biol. Conserv. 4, 194 – 204.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTUTIN, C. & FERNANDEZ, M. ( 1983 ) Recensement des Gorilles et des Chimpanzes du Gabon. Centre Internationale de Recherches Medicales de Franceville (C. I. R. M. F.). Franceville, Gabon.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceTUTTLE, R. H. & WATTS, D. P. ( 1985 ) The positional behaviour and adaptive complexes of Pan gorilla. In: Primate Locomotion and Bipedalism. ( eds S. Kondo, H. Ishida, M. Okada, T. Kimura & M. Yamazaki ). Tokyo University Press, Tokyo.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceVESEY-FITZGERALD, D. F. ( 1969 ) Utilization of the habitat by buffalo in the Lake Manyara National Park. E. Afr. Wildl. J. 7, 131 – 145.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceVESEY-FITZGERALD, D. F. ( 1974 ) Utilization of the grazing resources by buffalo in the Arusha National Park, Tanzania. E. Afr. Wildl. J. 12, 107 – 134.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWATTS, D. P. ( 1983 ) Foraging Strategy and Socioecology of Mountain Gorillas. Ph. D. Thesis, University of Chicago.en_US
dc.identifier.citedreferenceWATTS, D. P. ( 1984 ) Composition and variability of mountain gorilla diets in the central Virungas. Am. J. Primatol. 7, 323 – 356.en_US
dc.owningcollnameInterdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed


Files in this item

Show simple item record

Remediation of Harmful Language

The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.

Accessibility

If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.