The evolution of orbit orientation and encephalization in the Carnivora (Mammalia)
dc.contributor.author | Finarelli, John A. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Goswami, Anjali | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2010-06-01T22:27:54Z | |
dc.date.available | 2010-06-01T22:27:54Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2009-05 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Finarelli, John A.; Goswami, Anjali (2009). "The evolution of orbit orientation and encephalization in the Carnivora (Mammalia)." Journal of Anatomy 214(5): 671-678. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/75454> | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 0021-8782 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1469-7580 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/75454 | |
dc.identifier.uri | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez?cmd=retrieve&db=pubmed&list_uids=19438762&dopt=citation | en_US |
dc.description.abstract | Evolutionary change in encephalization within and across mammalian clades is well-studied, yet relatively few comparative analyses attempt to quantify the impact of evolutionary change in relative brain size on cranial morphology. Because of the proximity of the braincase to the orbits, and the inter-relationships among ecology, sensory systems and neuroanatomy, a relationship has been hypothesized between orbit orientation and encephalization for mammals. Here, we tested this hypothesis in 68 fossil and living species of the mammalian order Carnivora, comparing orbit orientation angles (convergence and frontation) to skull length and encephalization. No significant correlations were observed between skull length and orbit orientation when all taxa were analysed. Significant correlations were observed between encephalization and orbit orientation; however, these were restricted to the families Felidae and Canidae. Encephalization is positively correlated with frontation in both families and negatively correlated with convergence in canids. These results indicate that no universal relationship exists between encephalization and orbit orientation for Carnivora. Braincase expansion impacts orbit orientation in specific carnivoran clades, the nature of which is idiosyncratic to the clade itself. | en_US |
dc.format.extent | 6393138 bytes | |
dc.format.extent | 3109 bytes | |
dc.format.mimetype | application/pdf | |
dc.format.mimetype | text/plain | |
dc.publisher | Blackwell Publishing Ltd | en_US |
dc.rights | Journal compilation © 2009 Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Carnivora | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Convergence Angle | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Encephalization | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Frontation Angle | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Mammalia | en_US |
dc.title | The evolution of orbit orientation and encephalization in the Carnivora (Mammalia) | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Medicine (General) | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Health Sciences | en_US |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Geological Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | University of Michigan, Museum of Paleontology, Ann Arbor, MI, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 19438762 | en_US |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/75454/1/j.1469-7580.2009.01061.x.pdf | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1111/j.1469-7580.2009.01061.x | en_US |
dc.identifier.source | Journal of Anatomy | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Cartmill M ( 1970 ) The Orbits of Arboreal Mammals: a Reassessment of the Arboreal Theory of Primate Evolution. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Cartmill M ( 1972 ) Arboreal adaptations and the origin of the Order Primates. In The Functional and Evolutionary Biology of Primates (ed. Tuttle R ), pp. 97 – 122. Chicago: Aldine. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Cartmill M ( 1974 ) Rethinking primate origins. Science 184, 436 – 443. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Cox PG ( 2008 ) A quantitative analysis of the Eutherian orbit: correlations with masticatory apparatus. Biol Rev 83, 35 – 69. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Felsenstein J ( 1985 ) Phylogenies and the comparative method. Am Nat 125, 1 – 15. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Finarelli JA ( 2008a ) Hierarchy and the reconstruction of evolutionary trends: evidence for constraints on the evolution of body size in terrestrial caniform carnivorans (Mammalia). Paleobiology 34, 553 – 562. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Finarelli JA ( 2008b ) Testing hypotheses of the evolution of brain-body size scaling in the Canidae (Carnivora, Mammalia). Paleobiology 34, 35 – 45. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Finarelli JA, Flynn JJ ( 2006 ) Ancestral state reconstruction of body size in the Caniformia (Carnivora, Mammalia): the effects of incorporating data from the fossil record. Syst Biol 55, 301 – 313. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Finarelli JA, Flynn JJ ( 2007 ) The evolution of encephalization in caniform carnivorans. Evolution 61, 1758 – 1772. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Flynn JJ, Finarelli JA, Spaulding M ( in press ) Phylogeny of the Carnivora and Carnivoramorpha, and the use of the fossil record to enhance understanding of evolutionary transformations. In Carnivora: Phylogeny, Form and Function (eds Goswami A, Friscia AR ). Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Flynn JJ, Finarelli JA, Zehr S, Hsu J, Nedbal MA ( 2005 ) Molecular phylogeny of the Carnivora (Mammalia): assessing the impact of increased sampling on resolving enigmatic relationships. Syst Biol 54, 317 – 337. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Garland T, Harvey PH, Ives AR ( 1992 ) Procedures for the analysis of comparative data using phyogenetically independent contrasts. Syst Biol 41, 18 – 32. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Garland T, Ives AR ( 2000 ) Using the past to predict the present: confidence intervals for regression equations in phylogenetic comparative methods. Am Nat 155, 346 – 364. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Garland T, Martin KLM, Diaz-Uriarte R ( 1997 ) Reconstructing ancestral trait values using squared-change parsimony: plasma osmolarity at the origin of amniotes. In Amniote Origins: Completing the Transition to Land (eds Sumida SS, Martin KLM ), pp. 425 – 501. San Diego: Academic Press. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Garland T, Midford PE, Ives AR ( 1999 ) An introduction to phylogenetically based statistical methods, with a new method for confidence intervals on ancestral values. Am Zool 39, 374 – 388. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Goswami A ( 2006a ) Cranial modularity shifts during mammalian evolution. Am Nat 168, 270 – 280. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Goswami A ( 2006b ) Morphological integration in the carnivoran skull. Evolution 60, 169 – 183. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Heesy CP ( 2005 ) Function of the mammalian postorbital bar. J Morphol 264, 363 – 380. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Jerison H ( 1970 ) Brain evolution: new light on old principles. Science 170, 1224 – 1225. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Jerison H ( 1973 ) Evolution of the Brain and Intelligence, Academic Press, New York. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Maddison WP, Maddison DR ( 2007 ) Mesquite: a modular system for evolutionary analysis. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Marino L, McShea DW, Uhen MD ( 2004 ) Origin and evolution of large brains in toothed whales. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol 281A, 1247 – 1255. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Midford P, Garland T, Maddison WP ( 2003 ) PDAP package (of Mesquite). | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Noble VE, Kowalski EM, Ravosa MJ ( 2000 ) Orbit orientation and the function of the mammalian postorbital bar. J Zool 250, 405 – 418. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Oakley TH, Cunningham CW ( 2000 ) Independent contrasts succeed where ancestor reconstruction fails in a known bacteriophage phylogeny. Evolution 54, 397 – 405. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Radinsky L ( 1977 ) Brains of early carnivores. Paleobiology 3, 333 – 349. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Ross CF ( 1995 ) Allometric and functional influences on primate orbit orientation and the origins of the Anthropoidea. J Hum Evol 29, 201 – 227. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Sears KE, Goswami A, Flynn JJ, Niswander L ( 2007 ) The correlated evolution of Runx2 tandem repeats and facial length in Carnivora. Evol Devel 9, 555 – 565. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Van Valkenburgh B ( 1990 ) Skeletal and dental predictors of body mass in carnivores. In Body Size in Mammalian Paleobiology: Estimation and Biological Implications (eds Damuth J, MacFadden BJ ), pp. 181 – 206. New York: Cambridge University Press. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Webster AJ, Purvis A ( 2002 ) Testing the accuracy of methods for reconstructing ancestral states of continuous characters. Proc R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 269, 143 – 149. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Wesley-Hunt GD ( 2005 ) The morphological diversification of carnivores in North America. Paleobiology 31, 35 – 55. | en_US |
dc.identifier.citedreference | Wesley-Hunt GD, Flynn JJ ( 2005 ) Phylogeny of the Carnivora: basal relationships among the carnivoramorphans, and assessment of the position of ‘Miacoidea’ relative to crown-clade Carnivora. J Syst Palaeontol 3, 1 – 28. | en_US |
dc.owningcollname | Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed |
Files in this item
Remediation of Harmful Language
The University of Michigan Library aims to describe library materials in a way that respects the people and communities who create, use, and are represented in our collections. Report harmful or offensive language in catalog records, finding aids, or elsewhere in our collections anonymously through our metadata feedback form. More information at Remediation of Harmful Language.
Accessibility
If you are unable to use this file in its current format, please select the Contact Us link and we can modify it to make it more accessible to you.