Synthesis, Characterization, and Direct Intracellular Imaging of Ultrasmall and Uniform Glutathione‐Coated Gold Nanoparticles
dc.contributor.author | Sousa, Alioscka A. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Morgan, Jeffrey T. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Brown, Patrick H. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Adams, April | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Jayasekara, M. P. Suresh | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Zhang, Guofeng | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Ackerson, Christopher J. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Kruhlak, Michael J. | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Leapman, Richard D. | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2012-08-09T14:54:56Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-09-03T15:38:27Z | en_US |
dc.date.issued | 2012-07-23 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Sousa, Alioscka A.; Morgan, Jeffrey T.; Brown, Patrick H.; Adams, April; Jayasekara, M. P. Suresh; Zhang, Guofeng; Ackerson, Christopher J.; Kruhlak, Michael J.; Leapman, Richard D. (2012). "Synthesis, Characterization, and Direct Intracellular Imaging of Ultrasmall and Uniform Glutathione‐Coated Gold Nanoparticles." Small 8(14): 2277-2286. <http://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/92372> | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1613-6810 | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1613-6829 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/92372 | |
dc.description.abstract | Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with core sizes below 2 nm and compact ligand shells constitute versatile platforms for the development of novel reagents in nanomedicine. Due to their ultrasmall size, these AuNPs are especially attractive in applications requiring delivery to crowded intracellular spaces in the cytosol and nucleus. For eventual use in vivo, ultrasmall AuNPs should ideally be monodisperse, since small variations in size may affect how they interact with cells and how they behave in the body. Here we report the synthesis of ultrasmall, uniform 144‐atom AuNPs protected by p ‐mercaptobenzoic acid followed by ligand exchange with glutathione (GSH). Quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) reveals that the resulting GSH‐coated nanoparticles (Au(GSH)) have a uniform mass distribution with cores that contain 134 gold atoms on average. Particle size dispersity is analyzed by analytical ultracentrifugation, giving a narrow distribution of apparent hydrodynamic diameter of 4.0 ± 0.6 nm. To evaluate the nanoparticles’ intracellular fate, the cell‐penetrating peptide TAT is attached noncovalently to Au(GSH), which is confirmed by fluorescence quenching and isothermal titration calorimetry. HeLa cells are then incubated with both Au(GSH) and the Au(GSH)‐TAT complex, and imaged without silver enhancement of the AuNPs in unstained thin sections by STEM. This imaging approach enables unbiased detection and quantification of individual ultrasmall nanoparticles and aggregates in the cytoplasm and nucleus of the cells. The synthesis and characterization of an ultrasmall and uniform glutathione‐coated gold nanoparticle is reported. It is also shown that scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) enables the visualization and quantification of individual gold nanoparticles as well as small aggregates in the cytoplasm and nucleus of HeLa cells. | en_US |
dc.publisher | WILEY‐VCH Verlag | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Cell‐Penetrating Peptides | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Gold Nanoparticles | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Nanomedicine | en_US |
dc.subject.other | Cellular Uptake | en_US |
dc.subject.other | STEM | en_US |
dc.title | Synthesis, Characterization, and Direct Intracellular Imaging of Ultrasmall and Uniform Glutathione‐Coated Gold Nanoparticles | en_US |
dc.type | Article | en_US |
dc.rights.robots | IndexNoFollow | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Physics | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbsecondlevel | Materials Science and Engineering | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Engineering | en_US |
dc.subject.hlbtoplevel | Science | en_US |
dc.description.peerreviewed | Peer Reviewed | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationum | Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Laboratory of Cellular Imaging and Macromolecular Biophysics, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Biomedical Engineering and Physical Science Shared Resource, National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Molecular Recognition Section, Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Ft. Collins, CO 80523, USA | en_US |
dc.contributor.affiliationother | Experimental Immunology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA | en_US |
dc.identifier.pmid | 22517616 | en_US |
dc.description.bitstreamurl | http://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/92372/1/2277_ftp.pdf | |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1002/smll.201200071 | en_US |
dc.identifier.source | Small | en_US |
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dc.owningcollname | Interdisciplinary and Peer-Reviewed |
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