High Performance Thermoelectricity in Earth‐Abundant Compounds Based on Natural Mineral Tetrahedrites

Abstract

Thermoelectric materials can convert waste heat into electricity, potentially improving the efficiency of energy usage in both industry and everyday life. Unfortunately, known good thermoelectric materials often are comprised of elements that are in low abundance and require careful doping and complex synthesis procedures. Here, we report dimensionless thermoelectric figure of merit near unity in compounds of the form Cu 12 ‐ x M x Sb 4 S 13 , where M is a transition metal such as Zn or Fe, for wide ranges of x . The compounds investigated here span the range of compositions of the natural mineral family of tetrahedrites, the most widespread sulfosalts on Earth, and we further show that the natural mineral itself can be used directly as an inexpensive source thermoelectric material. Thermoelectrics comprised of earth‐abundant elements will pave the way to many new, low cost thermoelectric energy generation opportunities. Compounds based on the natural mineral tetrahedrite exhibit thermoelectric properties comparable to state of the art materials . Tetrahedrites are semiconductors with large Seebeck coefficients and low electrical resistivity. Additionally, a highly anharmonic phonon spectrum gives rise to minimal lattice thermal conductivity. Natural tetrahedrite mineral may be used as a low cost, earth‐abundant source material for high performance thermoelectricity.