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- Creator:
- Crowell, Hayley L . , Curlis, John David, Weller, Hannah I., and Davis Rabosky, Alison R.
- Description:
- Ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths invisible to humans are primarily studied in the context of reproduction and social signaling. This narrow focus can arise from bias in taxa studied, which are often brightly colored in human-visible wavelengths. Our research describes undocumented UV color patterns across 110 diverse species of Western Hemisphere snakes and tests the hypothesized roles of reproduction versus predator avoidance in the evolution of UV coloration. Phylogenetically-informed tests of life stage, sex, and habitat showed unexpected support for the predator defense hypothesis, with pronounced differences in snake conspicuousness explained by UV coloration. UV reflectance was not predictable from any aspect of visible color pattern, suggesting high potential for transformative discoveries in other “cryptically-colored” lineages across the tree of life.
- Keyword:
- color, ecology, evolution, predators, snakes, and ultraviolet
- Citation to related publication:
- Crowell, H.L, Curlis, J.D., Weller, H.I, & Davis Rabosky, A. R. (2023). Predators drive the evolution of ultraviolet coloration in snakes. in press.
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Giri, Bapun, Kinsky, Nathaniel, and Diba, Kamran
- Description:
- The research that produced this data tested how sleep loss impacted the phenomena of reactivation and replay, which occurs when recently-learned information is reactivated/replayed during post-learning sleep/rest.
- Keyword:
- Hippocampus, Memory, Sleep, Sleep Deprivation, and Electrophysiology
- Citation to related publication:
- Giri, B., Kinsky, N.R., Kaya, U., Maboudi, K., Abel, T., Diba, K. (2024). Sleep loss diminishes hippocampal reactivation and replay. Nature, (2024). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-024-07538-2
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Fu, Xun, Zhang, Bohao, Weber, Ceri J., Cooper, Kimberly L., Vasudevan, Ram, and Moore, Talia Y.
- Description:
- Tails used as inertial appendages induce body rotations of animals and robots---a phenomenon that is governed largely by the ratio of the body and tail moments of inertia. However, vertebrate tails have more degrees of freedom (e.g., number of joints, rotational axes) than most current theoretical models and robotic tails. To understand how morphology affects inertial appendage function, we developed an optimization-based approach that finds the maximally effective tail trajectory and measures error from a target trajectory. For tails of equal total length and mass, increasing the number of equal-length joints increased the complexity of maximally effective tail motions. When we optimized the relative lengths of tail bones while keeping the total tail length, mass, and number of joints the same, this optimization-based approach found that the lengths match the pattern found in the tail bones of mammals specialized for inertial maneuvering. In both experiments, adding joints enhanced the performance of the inertial appendage, but with diminishing returns, largely due to the total control effort constraint. This optimization-based simulation can compare the maximum performance of diverse inertial appendages that dynamically vary in moment of inertia in 3D space, predict inertial capabilities from skeletal data, and inform the design of robotic inertial appendages.
- Keyword:
- simulation, inertial maneuvering, caudal vertebrae, trajectory optimization, and reconfigurable appendages
- Citation to related publication:
- Xun Fu, Bohao Zhang, Ceri J. Weber, Kimberly L. Cooper, Ram Vasudevan, Talia Y. Moore. (in review) Jointed tails enhance control of three-dimensional body rotation.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
- Creator:
- Gottesman, Ari
- Description:
- This study analyzes correlations between magnetic field data from closely-spaced pairs of ground magnetometers to observe the spatial scale of ionospheric current signatures. Correlations were mainly calculated in 7.5 minute intervals for periods of multiple days. Distributions were taken from the collection of these 7.5 minute intervals to identify the amount of time where the magnetometers were observing "similar" or "different" ionospheric signatures. The raw magnetometer data was taken from two geomagnetic storms: one taking place on 7-8 September, 2017, and the other taking place on 23-24 March, 2023. These periods were selected due to the presence of both high and low geomagnetic activity. The final distributions calculated from this analysis are available in Correlation_Distributions.csv.
- Keyword:
- Space Weather Impacts, Geomagnetically Induced Currents, and GIC
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Kharbush, Jenan, Rahman, Raisha, and Pearson, Ann
- Description:
- Amino acids are the primary nitrogen-containing compounds in cells, participating in various metabolic processes such as protein synthesis and degradation into other nitrogenous compounds. Compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis of amino acids in environmental samples can provide insight into nitrogen sources, cycling, and tropic modifications in ecosystems. However, we lack comprehensive understanding of N utilization patterns in microorganisms, which are the site of nitrogen assimilation in biological systems, due to the varied and complex mechanisms by which microbes can acquire and metabolize nitrogen-containing compounds. δ15N measurements for free intracellular amino acids and protein-bound amino acids for environmentally-relevant microbial groups may aid in untangling the biochemical processes involved in amino acid metabolism performed by these microbial communities. Here, we report intracellular amino acid δ15N values for R. palustris, a metabolically versatile anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium.
- Keyword:
- amino acids, nitrogen stable isotope analysis, compound-specific isotope analysis, and batch culture
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:97068 (Ammotragus lervia) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1972 x 1578 x 1 voxel at 0.1215074 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:97068 (Ammotragus lervia) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1972 TIF images (each 1972 x 1578 x 1 voxel at 0.121507 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ammotragus lervia, 1987319019, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987319019
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:103305 (Eudorcas THOMSONII) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1870 x 924 x 1 voxel at 0.0912381 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:103305 (Eudorcas THOMSONII) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1636 TIF images (each 1870 x 924 x 1 voxel at 0.091238 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Eudorcas THOMSONII, 1987323462, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987323462
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:125684 (Capreolus capreolus) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1555 x 1967 x 1 voxel at 0.1215076 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:125684 (Capreolus capreolus) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1411 TIF images (each 1555 x 1967 x 1 voxel at 0.121508 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Capreolus capreolus, 1987249347, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987249347
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:178562 (Ourebia ourebi) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 791 x 1671 x 1 voxel at 0.1214979 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:178562 (Ourebia ourebi) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1446 TIF images (each 791 x 1671 x 1 voxel at 0.121498 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ourebia ourebi, 1987263154, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987263154
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:98974 (Pithecia pithecia) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1906 x 1171 x 1 voxel at 0.03753849 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:98974 (Pithecia pithecia) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1347 TIF images (each 1906 x 1171 x 1 voxel at 0.037538 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primates, Pitheciidae, Pithecia pithecia, 1987274325, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987274325
- Discipline:
- Science