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- Creator:
- Fu, Xun, Zhang, Bohao, Weber, Ceri J., Cooper, Kimberly L., Vasudevan, Ram, and Moore, Talia Y.
- Description:
- Tails used as inertial appendages induce body rotations of animals and robots---a phenomenon that is governed largely by the ratio of the body and tail moments of inertia. However, vertebrate tails have more degrees of freedom (e.g., number of joints, rotational axes) than most current theoretical models and robotic tails. To understand how morphology affects inertial appendage function, we developed an optimization-based approach that finds the maximally effective tail trajectory and measures error from a target trajectory. For tails of equal total length and mass, increasing the number of equal-length joints increased the complexity of maximally effective tail motions. When we optimized the relative lengths of tail bones while keeping the total tail length, mass, and number of joints the same, this optimization-based approach found that the lengths match the pattern found in the tail bones of mammals specialized for inertial maneuvering. In both experiments, adding joints enhanced the performance of the inertial appendage, but with diminishing returns, largely due to the total control effort constraint. This optimization-based simulation can compare the maximum performance of diverse inertial appendages that dynamically vary in moment of inertia in 3D space, predict inertial capabilities from skeletal data, and inform the design of robotic inertial appendages.
- Keyword:
- simulation, inertial maneuvering, caudal vertebrae, trajectory optimization, and reconfigurable appendages
- Citation to related publication:
- Xun Fu, Bohao Zhang, Ceri J. Weber, Kimberly L. Cooper, Ram Vasudevan, Talia Y. Moore. (in review) Jointed tails enhance control of three-dimensional body rotation.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
- Creator:
- Gottesman, Ari
- Description:
- This study analyzes correlations between magnetic field data from closely-spaced pairs of ground magnetometers to observe the spatial scale of ionospheric current signatures. Correlations were mainly calculated in 7.5 minute intervals for periods of multiple days. Distributions were taken from the collection of these 7.5 minute intervals to identify the amount of time where the magnetometers were observing "similar" or "different" ionospheric signatures. The raw magnetometer data was taken from two geomagnetic storms: one taking place on 7-8 September, 2017, and the other taking place on 23-24 March, 2023. These periods were selected due to the presence of both high and low geomagnetic activity. The final distributions calculated from this analysis are available in Correlation_Distributions.csv.
- Keyword:
- Space Weather Impacts, Geomagnetically Induced Currents, and GIC
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Kharbush, Jenan, Rahman, Raisha, and Pearson, Ann
- Description:
- Amino acids are the primary nitrogen-containing compounds in cells, participating in various metabolic processes such as protein synthesis and degradation into other nitrogenous compounds. Compound-specific nitrogen isotope analysis of amino acids in environmental samples can provide insight into nitrogen sources, cycling, and tropic modifications in ecosystems. However, we lack comprehensive understanding of N utilization patterns in microorganisms, which are the site of nitrogen assimilation in biological systems, due to the varied and complex mechanisms by which microbes can acquire and metabolize nitrogen-containing compounds. δ15N measurements for free intracellular amino acids and protein-bound amino acids for environmentally-relevant microbial groups may aid in untangling the biochemical processes involved in amino acid metabolism performed by these microbial communities. Here, we report intracellular amino acid δ15N values for R. palustris, a metabolically versatile anoxygenic phototrophic bacterium.
- Keyword:
- amino acids, nitrogen stable isotope analysis, compound-specific isotope analysis, and batch culture
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Pedde, Meredith
- Description:
- In this study, we took advantage of the randomized allocation of the US EPA's funding for school bus replacements and retrofits to causally assess the impacts of upgrading buses on students' educational performance through the EPA’s national School Bus Rebate Program. Specifically, we used classical intent-to-treat analyses for randomized controlled trials to compare the change in school district level reading and language arts and math standardized test scores after vs before the 2012 through 2016 lotteries by funding selection status . We used overall district average standardized test scores since rates were not available for only school-bus riders.
- Keyword:
- School Bus Emissions, Diesel Air Pollution, and Student standardized testing
- Citation to related publication:
- Pedde, M., Szpiro, A., Hirth, R., Adar, S. School Bus Rebate Program and Student Educational Performance Test Scores. JAMA Network Open (2024). https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2024.3121
- Discipline:
- Health Sciences
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:97068 (Ammotragus lervia) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1972 x 1578 x 1 voxel at 0.1215074 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:97068 (Ammotragus lervia) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1972 TIF images (each 1972 x 1578 x 1 voxel at 0.121507 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ammotragus lervia, 1987319019, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987319019
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:103305 (Eudorcas THOMSONII) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1870 x 924 x 1 voxel at 0.0912381 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:103305 (Eudorcas THOMSONII) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1636 TIF images (each 1870 x 924 x 1 voxel at 0.091238 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Eudorcas THOMSONII, 1987323462, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987323462
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:125684 (Capreolus capreolus) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1555 x 1967 x 1 voxel at 0.1215076 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:125684 (Capreolus capreolus) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1411 TIF images (each 1555 x 1967 x 1 voxel at 0.121508 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Capreolus capreolus, 1987249347, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987249347
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:178562 (Ourebia ourebi) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 791 x 1671 x 1 voxel at 0.1214979 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:178562 (Ourebia ourebi) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1446 TIF images (each 791 x 1671 x 1 voxel at 0.121498 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ourebia ourebi, 1987263154, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987263154
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:98974 (Pithecia pithecia) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1906 x 1171 x 1 voxel at 0.03753849 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:98974 (Pithecia pithecia) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1347 TIF images (each 1906 x 1171 x 1 voxel at 0.037538 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primates, Pitheciidae, Pithecia pithecia, 1987274325, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987274325
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161558 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 3141 TIF images (each 1493 x 1512 x 1 voxel at 0.03506225 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161558 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1189 TIF images (each 1493 x 1512 x 1 voxel at 0.035062 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Pteropodidae, Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS, 1987354029, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987354029
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161556 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 3141 TIF images (each 1691 x 1195 x 1 voxel at 0.03272923 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161556 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1864 TIF images (each 1691 x 1195 x 1 voxel at 0.032729 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Pteropodidae, Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS, 1987335558, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987335558
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161558 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Whole Body. Raw Dataset includes 3142 TIF images (each 1493 x 1512 x 1 voxel at 0.03506225 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161558 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Whole Body. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1870 TIF images (each 1493 x 1512 x 1 voxel at 0.035062 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Pteropodidae, Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS, 1987354029, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987354029
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:39515 (Philantomba MONTICOLA monticola) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1691 x 871 x 1 voxel at 0.07610194 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:39515 (Philantomba MONTICOLA monticola) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1077 TIF images (each 1691 x 871 x 1 voxel at 0.076102 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Philantomba MONTICOLA monticola, 1987262495, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987262495
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:39516 (Neotragus batesi) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1818 x 1872 x 1 voxel at 0.06062173 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:39516 (Neotragus batesi) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 837 TIF images (each 1818 x 1872 x 1 voxel at 0.060622 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Neotragus batesi, 1987248769, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987248769
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:157545 (Sorex cinereus cinereus) - WholeBody. Raw Dataset includes 3141 TIF images (each 694 x 956 x 1 voxel at 0.03109356 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:157545 (Sorex cinereus cinereus) - WholeBody. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1920 TIF images (each 694 x 956 x 1 voxel at 0.031094 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Soricomorpha, Soricidae, Sorex cinereus cinereus, 1987267451, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987267451
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161556 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Whole Body. Raw Dataset includes 3142 TIF images (each 1691 x 1195 x 1 voxel at 0.03272923 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161556 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Whole Body. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1965 TIF images (each 1691 x 1195 x 1 voxel at 0.032729 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Pteropodidae, Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS, 1987335558, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987335558
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:121030 (Iomys horsfieldii) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1143 x 1668 x 1 voxel at 0.02924863 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:121030 (Iomys horsfieldii) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1062 TIF images (each 1143 x 1668 x 1 voxel at 0.029249 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Rodentia, Sciuridae, Iomys horsfieldii, 1987288933, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987288933
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:112536 (Euroscaptor micrura) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1657 x 1193 x 1 voxel at 0.02094498 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:112536 (Euroscaptor micrura) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 756 TIF images (each 1657 x 1193 x 1 voxel at 0.020945 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Soricomorpha, Talpidae, Euroscaptor micrura, 1987234935, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987234935
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:120402 (Thyroptera tricolor) - WholeBody. Raw Dataset includes 3141 TIF images (each 903 x 1189 x 1 voxel at 0.03140041 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:120402 (Thyroptera tricolor) - WholeBody. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1963 TIF images (each 903 x 1189 x 1 voxel at 0.031400 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Thyropteridae, Thyroptera tricolor, 1987280942, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987280942
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:163707 (Capra hircus) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 986 x 1201 x 1 voxel at 0.1215074 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:163707 (Capra hircus) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1895 TIF images (each 986 x 1201 x 1 voxel at 0.121507 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Capra hircus, 1987275504, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987275504
- Discipline:
- Science