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Nicholas, Benjamin
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Cichlid
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- Creator:
- Nicholas, Benjamin and López-Fernández, Hernán
- Description:
- Understanding how continental assemblages have diversified can be difficult as they are products of extinction, biogeographic rearrangements, and changing environments over millions of years. Much of our knowledge of adaptive radiations stems from relatively recent, insular-like systems. However, increasing evidence supports the idea that adaptive radiations have a major role in hyper diverse continental radiations like Neotropical cichlids. This primarily riverine group has undergone adaptive diversification in many into ecologically, morphologically, and behaviorally complex lineages. Surprisingly, the macroevolutionary patterns of the entire pharyngeal jaw is relatively understudied in Neotropical cichlids. In this study we use µCT scans to characterize the entire pharyngeal system across Neotropical cichlids to test for signatures of adaptive radiation. We describe the morphological diversity of the upper and lower pharyngeal jaw, fit models of evolutionary divergence, and measure morphological disparity through time and among clades. Until now, studies of various axes of diversification in Cichlinae found a congruent signals an early bursts of divergence in multiple trait dimensions, however we find no evidence of an early burst in the pharyngeal jaws. We find evidence of highly specialized pharyngeal jaws establishing early in the continental radiation and also evidence of recent morphological divergence in the three major tribes of Cichlinae. Our results further highlight the necessity to study adaptively radiating lineages in multiple trait dimensions as some axes of diversification may be overlooked. and This dataset contains landmarked files of 204 landmarks for 95 species (one specimen per species) of Neotropical cichlids. Files are named "Genus_species.mrk.json". Landmark files can be read with the programming language R with the scripts found in the supplemental files of the cited paper, Nicholas and López-Fernandez 2024.
- Keyword:
- Landmarks, Cichlid, Pharyngeal Jaw, and Neotropics
- Citation to related publication:
- Benjamin Nicholas, Hernán López-Fernández, Analysis of the whole pharyngeal jaw adds nuance to the continental radiation of Neotropical cichlids, Evolutionary Journal of the Linnean Society, Volume 3, Issue 1, 2024, kzae038, https://doi.org/10.1093/evolinnean/kzae038
- Discipline:
- Science