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- Creator:
- Hegedus, Alexander M
- Description:
- This is the README for the LunarSynchrotronArray package, maintained by Dr. Alex Hegedus alexhege@umich.edu This code repository corresponds to the Hegedus et al. 2020 (accepted) Radio Science paper, "Measuring the Earth's Synchrotron Emission from Radiation Belts with a Lunar Near Side Radio Array". The arxiv link for the paper is https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04482. The DOI link is https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RS006891 , The Earth's Ionosphere is home to a large population of energetic electrons that live in the balance of many factors including input from the Solar wind, and the influence of the Earth's magnetic field. These energetic electrons emit radio waves as they traverse Earth's magnetosphere, leading to short‐lived, strong radio emissions from local regions, as well as persistent weaker emissions that act as a global signature of the population breakdown of all the energetic electrons. Characterizing this weaker emission (Synchrotron Emission) would lead to a greater understanding of the energetic electron populations on a day to day level. A radio array on the near side of the Moon would always be facing the Earth, and would well suited for measuring its low frequency radio emissions. In this work we simulate such a radio array on the lunar near side, to image this weaker synchrotron emission. The specific geometry and location of the test array were made using the most recent lunar maps made by the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. This array would give us unprecedented day to day knowledge of the electron environment around our planet, providing reports of Earth's strong and weak radio emissions, giving both local and global information. , This set of codes should guide you through making the figures in the paper, as well as hopefully being accessible enough for changing the code for your own array. I would encourage you to please reach out to collaborate if that is the case! Requirements: , and CASA 4.7.1 (or greater?) built on python 2.7 Example link for Red Hat 7 https://casa.nrao.edu/download/distro/casa/release/el7/casa-release-4.7.1-el7.tar.gz Users may follow this guide to download and install the correct version of CASA for their system https://casa.nrao.edu/casadocs/casa-5.5.0/introduction/obtaining-and-installing CASA executables should be fairly straightforward to extract from the untarred files. gcc 4.8.5 or above (or below?) GCC installation instructions can be found here: https://gcc.gnu.org/install/ SPICE (I use cspice here) https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/toolkit_C.html As seen in lunar_furnsh.txt which loads the SPICE kernels, you also must download KERNELS_TO_LOAD = ( '/home/alexhege/SPICE/LunarEph/moon_pa_de421_1900-2050.bpc' '/home/alexhege/SPICE/LunarEph/moon_080317.tf' '/home/alexhege/SPICE/LunarEph/moon_assoc_me.tf' '/home/alexhege/SPICE/LunarEph/pck00010.tpc' '/home/alexhege/SPICE/LunarEph/naif0008.tls' '/home/alexhege/SPICE/LunarEph/de430.bsp' ) All of which can be found at https://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/pub/naif/generic_kernels/ SLDEM2015_128_60S_60N_000_360_FLOAT.IMG for the lunar surface data by LRO LOLA found at http://imbrium.mit.edu/DATA/SLDEM2015/GLOBAL/FLOAT_IMG/
- Citation to related publication:
- Hegedus, A., Nenon, Q., Brunet, A., Kasper, J., Sicard, A., Cecconi, B., MacDowall, R., & Baker, D. (2019). Measuring the Earth's Synchrotron Emission from Radiation Belts with a Lunar Near Side Radio Array. https://arxiv.org/abs/1912.04482 and Hegedus, A., Nenon, Q., Brunet, A., Kasper, J., Sicard, A., Cecconi, B., MacDowall, R., & Baker, D. (2020). Radio Science. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019RS006891
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
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- Creator:
- Chen, Yang and Manchester, Ward IV
- Description:
- GOES_flare_list: contains a list of more than 10,000 flare events. The list has 6 columns, flare classification, active region number, date, start time end time, emission peak time, GOES_B_flare_list: contains time series data of SDO/HMI SHARP parameters for B class solar flares , GOES_MX_flare_list: contains time series data of SDO/HMI SHARP parameters for M and X class solar flares, SHARP_B_flare_data_300.hdf5 and SHARP_MX_flare_data_300.hdf5 files contain time series more than 20 physical variables derived from the SDO/HMI SHARP data files. These data are saved at a 12 minute cadence and are used to train the LSTM model., and B_HARPs_CNNencoded_part_xxx.hdf5 and M_X HARPs_CNNencoded_part_xxx.hdf5 include neural network encoded features derived from vector magnetogram images derived from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI). These data files typically contains one or two sequences of magnetograms covering an active region for a period of 24h with a 1 hour cadence. We encode each magnetogram with frames of a fixed size of 8x16 with 512 channels.
- Keyword:
- machine learning, data science, and solar flare prediction
- Citation to related publication:
- Chen, Y., Manchester, W., Hero, A., Toth, G., DuFumier, B. Zhou, T., Wang, X., Zhu, H., Sun, Zeyu, Gombosi, T., Identifying Solar Flare Precursors Using Time Series of SDO/HMI Images and SHARP Parameters, Space Weather, 17, 1404–1426. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019SW002214 and Jiao, Z., Chen, Y., Manchester, W. (2020). Data for Solar Flare Intensity Prediction with Machine Learning Models [Data set]. University of Michigan - Deep Blue. https://doi.org/10.7302/b07j-bj08
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
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- Creator:
- Gultekin, Kayhan, Nyland, Kristina, Gray, Nichole, Fehmer, Greg , Huang, Tianchi, Sparkman, Matthew, Reines, Amy E., Greene, Jenny E., Cackett, Edward M., and Baldassare, Vivienne
- Description:
- The data were processed using the scripted VLA calibration pipeline ( https://science.nrao.edu/facilities/vla/data-processing/pipeline/scripted-pipeline) for the Common Astronomy Software Applications (CASA) package version 5.3.0. Imaging was performed using the TCLEAN task in CASA with standard parameters appropriate for broadband data with point-source emissison. We used Briggs weighting with robust parameters between 0 and 1. Self calibration was implemented manually on an as-needed basis for sufficiently bright sources with evidence for residual phase errors in the image plane.
- Keyword:
- active galactic nuclei, radio galaxies, fundamental plane, and intermediate-mass black holes
- Citation to related publication:
- Gultekin et al. (2022) MNRAS, in press
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Katz, Sarah A., Levin, Naomi E., Abbott, Mark B., Rodbell, Donald T., Passey, Benjamin H., DeLuca, Nicole N., Larsen, Darren J., and Woods, Arielle
- Description:
- This dataset presents stable isotope data (d13C, d18O, D47, D17O) from Holocene lake cores from three lakes in the Peruvian Andes (Lakes Junin, Pumacocha, and Mehcocha). We also present new radiocarbon (14C) data and core age models for Lakes Junin and Mehcocha. We use these data to explore trends in lake water temperatures and evaporative state (i.e., water balance) over the Holocene. Our clumped isotope (D47) results suggest lake water temperatures at all three lakes were stable over the Holocene and similar to present day lake temperatures. Our triple oxygen isotope (D’17O) results illustrate that lake water balance at all three lakes was variable over the Holocene and tracks changes in austral summertime insolation, suggesting a connection between central Andean water balance and the South American summer monsoon (SASM).
- Keyword:
- Holocene, Andes, temperature, water balance, lacustrine carbonate, lake hydrology, triple oxygen isotopes, and clumped isotopes
- Citation to related publication:
- Katz, S.A., Levin, N.E., Abbott, M.B., Rodbell, D.T., Passey, B.H., DeLuca, N.M., Larsen, D.J., Woods, A. "Holocene temperature and water stress in the Peruvian Andes: insights from lake carbonate clumped and triple oxygen isotopes," in review. and Katz, S.A., (2024) Andean interglacial climate and hydrology over the last 650,000 years. [PhD Thesis, University of Michigan]
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Carson, William F., IV
- Description:
- Transcriptional accessibility of chromatin is central to guiding CD4+ T cell function through regulation of lineage specific gene expression. Myst1 is a histone acetyltransferase responsible for acetylation of the protein tail of histone 4 at lysine residue 16 (H416ac), resulting in increased transcriptional accessibility and activation of gene transcription. Previous studies have described a role for Myst1 in governing lymphocyte development in the thymus, however the role of Myst1 and H4K16ac in guiding activation of peripheral CD4+ T cells has not been studied. Activation of human and murine CD4+ T cells resulted in upregulation of Myst1 expression, and deletion of Myst1 resulted in changes in proliferative responses to both polyclonal stimulus and exogenous cytokines. Myst1-deficient T cells also exhibited modulations in lineage commitment, with decreased function in TH1/TH2 skewing conditions and increased function in response to TH17-promoting conditions. Regulation of Myst1 function in CD4+ T cells appears governed at least in part by STAT5, as Myst1 expression is regulated by STAT5 expression and DNA binding, and modulations in H4K16ac in Myst1-deficient CD4+ T cells is observable at sites in the promoter regions of lineage specific genes following skewing to the TH1 or TH2 lineage in vitro. Taken together, these results indicate an important role for the STAT5-Myst1 epigenetic axis in governing the activation and effector function of CD4+ T cells.
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Attari, Ali
- Description:
- Please refer to the "README.txt" for more details., MATLAB R2018a (Mathworks, Natick, MA, USA) was used to process this data., and Excel (Microsoft Office) was used to store survey data on the comfort of both systems and also to provide absolute and relative intraobserver variablities for the DM device.
- Keyword:
- Digital Manometry
- Citation to related publication:
- Comparison of anorectal function measured using wearable digital manometry and a high resolution manometry system Attari A, Chey WD, Baker JR, Ashton-Miller JA (2020) Comparison of anorectal function measured using wearable digital manometry and a high resolution manometry system. PLOS ONE 15(9): e0228761. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0228761
- Discipline:
- Engineering, Science, and Health Sciences
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- Creator:
- Wozniak, Matthew C. and Dos Santos, Thiago
- Description:
- Data and Code are divided into separate folders. Data is given for all simulations of all 3 models included in manuscript, as well as the FLUXNET data processed into monthly NetCDF files.
- Citation to related publication:
- Wozniak, M. C., Bonan, G. B., Keppel-Aleks, G., & Steiner, A. L. (2020). Influence of Vertical Heterogeneities in the Canopy Microenvironment on Interannual Variability of Carbon Uptake in Temperate Deciduous Forests. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences, 125(8), e2020JG005658. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020JG005658
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Wozniak, Matthew C., Steiner, Allison L., and Solmon, Fabien
- Description:
- Pollen grains emitted from vegetation can rupture, releasing subpollen particles (SPPs) as fine atmospheric particulates. Previous laboratory research demonstrates potential for SPPs as efficient cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). We develop the first model of atmospheric pollen grain rupture, and implement the mechanism in regional climate model simulations over spring pollen season in the United States with a CCN-dependent moisture scheme. The source of SPPs (surface or in-atmosphere) depends on region and sometimes season, due to the distribution of relative humidity and rain. Simulated concentrations of SPPs are approximately 1-10 or 1-1,000 cm-3, depending on the number of SPPs produced per pollen grain (nspg). Lower nspg (103) produces a negligible effect on precipitation, but high nspg (106) in clean continental CCN background concentrations (100 CCN cm-3) shows SPPs suppress average seasonal precipitation by 32% and shift rates from heavy to light while increasing dry days. This effect is likely smaller for polluted air. pollen_rupture_precipitation_BASE_ensemble_daily.nc - data for BASE ensemble average pollen_rupture_precipitation_SPPHIGH_ensemble_daily.nc - data for SPPHIGH ensemble average pollen_rupture_precipitation_SPPLIT_ensemble_daily.nc - data for SPPLIT ensemble average
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Liemohn, Michael W, Adam, Joshua G, and Ganushkina, Natalia Y
- Description:
- Many statistical tools have been developed to aid in the assessment of a numerical model’s quality at reproducing observations. Some of these techniques focus on the identification of events within the data set, times when the observed value is beyond some threshold value that defines it as a value of keen interest. An example of this is whether it will rain, in which events are defined as any precipitation above some defined amount. A method called the sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve sweeps the event definition threshold of both the model output and the observations, resulting in the identification of threshold intervals for which the model does well at sorting the observations into events and nonevents. An excellent data-model comparison will have a smooth STONE curve, but the STONE curve can have wiggles and ripples in it. These features reveal clusters when the model systematically overestimates or underestimates the observations. This study establishes the connection between features in the STONE curve and attributes of the data-model relationship. The method is applied to a space weather example.
- Keyword:
- space physics, statistical methods, and STONE curve
- Citation to related publication:
- Liemohn, M. W., Adam, J. G., & Ganushkina, N. Y. (2022). Analysis of features in a sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve. Space Weather, 20, e2022SW003102. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003102
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Nelson, Arin D.
- Description:
- These MATLAB data files contain all the observations and model output used in the article Improved Internal Gravity Wave Spectral Continuum in a Regional Ocean Model by Nelson et al., recently submitted to Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans.
- Keyword:
- Ocean, Ocean Mooring, Ocean Modeling, and Internal Waves
- Citation to related publication:
- Nelson, A. D., Arbic, B. K., Menemenlis, D., Peltier, W. R., Alford, M. H., Grisouard, N., & Klymak, J. M. (2020). Improved Internal Wave Spectral Continuum in a Regional Ocean Model. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 125(5), e2019JC015974. https://doi.org/10.1029/2019JC015974
- Discipline:
- Science