Development of Driver Posture Prediction and Accommodation Models for Military Vehicles: Fixed-Eye-Point, Out-of-Hatch, and Highly Reclined Driver Configurations

Abstract

Accurate information on warfighter posture and position is essential for the design of military vehicles for safety and effectiveness. In prior work, posture measurements from soldiers were used to develop statistical posture-prediction and accommodation models for drivers in fixed-heel-point configurations and fixed-position squad seats. In the current study in the series, soldiers were measured in mockups of three driver seating configurations: fixed eye point, out of hatch, and highly reclined. In each configuration, soldiers adjusted certain components to obtain a comfortable driving posture, which was measured by recording the three-dimensional locations of body landmarks. Data were gathered with three ensembles: advanced combat uniform (ACU), body armor vest and helmet (PPE level), and with the addition of a simulated rifleman kit. Internal joint center locations were estimated from surface landmarks. Statistical posture-prediction models were developed using regression analysis to predict the locations of important landmarks, such as the hip joint centers, eyes, and knees. Population accommodation models were developed using standard parametric techniques. These models generate surface contours that can be used in design to accommodate a desired percentage of a vehicle occupant population. The models take into account the effects of population anthropometry, clothing and gear ensemble, and vehicle configuration. Contours were generated for eye location, seat position, pedal location, steering yoke location, helmet clearance, elbow clearance, knee clearance, and torso clearance.