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- Creator:
- Colón-Rodríguez, Stephanie, Liemohn, Michael, and Raines, Jim
- Description:
- During its trajectory, Wind spent a significant amount of time in the magnetotail, where its SupraThermal Ion Composition Spectrometer (STICS) measured the mass and mass per charge of protons, alpha particles, and heavy ions with an energy/charge ratio up to 226 keV/e. Although STICS originally aimed to measure the abundance of these ion species in the solar wind, its measurements within the magnetosphere from 1995 to 2002 help us identify preferential entry between the different solar wind ion species. This study statistically analyzes how the ratio between solar wind heavy ions and alpha particles (Heavies Solar Wind / He2+) varies for different upstream conditions and locations within the magnetosphere: northward vs. southward Interplanetary Magnetic Field (IMF), low vs. high solar wind density (Nsw), low vs. high solar wind dynamic pressure (PDyn), slow vs. fast solar wind (Vsw), and dawn vs. dusk. Our results indicate that the HeaviesSolar Wind enter the magnetosphere more efficiently than He2+ during northward IMF and that the Heavies Solar Wind / He2+ ratios decrease during high PDyn. In addition, the Heavies Solar Wind / He2+ ratios exhibit a dawn-dusk asymmetry, highly skewed towards the dawn side for all upstream cases likely due to charge-exchange processes.
- Keyword:
- Magnetosphere, Wind STICS, Solar wind heavy ions, Alpha particles, dawn-dusk asymmetry
- Citation to related publication:
- Colón-Rodríguez, S., Liemohn, M. W., & Raines, J. M (2024). Solar wind heavy ions and alpha particles within Earth’s magnetosphere and their variability with upstream conditions. Journal of Geophysical Research Space Physics. In preparation.
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Gable, Sydney L and Huang, Yihe
- Description:
- This dataset includes a catalog of events for the 2019 Ridgecrest, CA earthquake sequence with calibrated relative moment magnitude estimates. We include results from all cases described in Gable and Huang 2024b.
- Keyword:
- relative magnitude, earthquakes, earthquake magnitude, moment magnitude, and local magnitude
- Citation to related publication:
- Gable, S.L., and Y. Huang (2024). Quantifying Magnitude Uncertainty of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence Through a Sensitivity Study of the Relative Magnitude Method. Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am. (in production)
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for Cranium of Castoroides (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP VP 3110) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data resulting from a merge of two separate scans are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. There may be slight differences in voxel grey values between the two parts. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Castoridae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Pleistocene, and 31eda2a8-fcbc-8f52-1990-0958711906a3
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for Cranium of Castoroides (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP VP 3110) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data from the scan are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, Castoridae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Pleistocene, and 31eda2a8-fcbc-8f52-1990-0958711906a3
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for Cranium of Castoroides (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP VP 3110) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data from the scan are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Castoridae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Pleistocene, and 31eda2a8-fcbc-8f52-1990-0958711906a3
- Discipline:
- Science
-
CT Data of UMMP VP 3110, Castoroides ohioensis, cranium
User Collection
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology
- Description:
- This collection includes data from two CT scans of parts of the cranium as well as a merged dataset including the entire cranium in one volume.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Castoridae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Pleistocene, and 31eda2a8-fcbc-8f52-1990-0958711906a3
- Discipline:
- Science
3Works -
- Creator:
- Dumlao, James M. Zumel and Teplitskiy, Misha
- Description:
- The data sources and methods used to process the raw data are described in the paper forthcoming in Science and the associated Supplementary Information. A preprint for an earlier version of this paper is available here: https://osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/754e3. These data are anonymized (see Methodology for details). Consequently, running the same code on these data vs. the data in the paper does not yield *identical* results but qualitatively similar ones.
- Keyword:
- peer review, double-anonymization, geographic diversity, homophily, fairness, and bias
- Citation to related publication:
- J. M. Z. Dumlao, M. Teplitskiy, Science, forthcoming. and Zumel Dumlao, J. M. and M. Teplitskiy. 2023. “The Effect of Reviewer Geographical Diversity on Evaluations Is Reduced by Anonymizing Submissions”. Retrieved (osf.io/preprints/socarxiv/754e3).
- Discipline:
- Science and Social Sciences
-
- Creator:
- Moore, Talia Y., Danforth, Shannon M., Larson, Joanna G., and Davis Rabosky, Alison R.
- Description:
- Warning signals in chemically defended organisms are critical components of predator-prey interactions, often requiring multiple coordinated display components for a signal to be effective. When threatened by a predator, venomous coral snakes (genus Micrurus) display a vigorous, non-locomotory thrashing behaviour that has been only qualitatively described. Given the high-contrast and often colourful banding patterns of these snakes, this thrashing display is hypothesized to be a key component of a complex aposematic signal under strong stabilizing selection across species in a mimicry system. By experimentally testing snake response across simulated predator cues, we analysed variation in the presence and expression of a thrashing display across five species of South American coral snakes. Although the major features of the thrash display were conserved across species, we found significant variation in the propensity to perform a display at all, the duration of thrashing, and the curvature of snake bodies that was mediated by predator cue type, snake body size, and species identity. We also found an interaction between curve magnitude and body location that clearly shows which parts of the display vary most across individuals and species. Our results suggest that contrary to the assumption in the literature that all species and individuals perform the same display, a high degree of variation persists in thrashing behaviour exhibited by Micrurus coral snakes despite presumably strong selection to converge on a common signal. This quantitative behavioural characterization presents a new framework for analysing the non-locomotory motions displayed by snakes in a broader ecological context, especially for signalling systems with complex interaction across multiple modalities.
- Keyword:
- aposematism, biomechanics, coral snake mimicry, curvature, Elapidae, non-locomotory motion, Peruvian Amazon, and snake behaviour
- Citation to related publication:
- Moore, T. Y., Danforth, S. M., Larson, J. G., & Davis Rabosky, A. R. (2020). A Quantitative Analysis of Micrurus Coral Snakes Reveals Unexpected Variation in Stereotyped Anti-Predator Displays Within a Mimicry System. Integrative Organismal Biology, 2(1). https://doi.org/10.1093/iob/obaa006
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Ruas, Terry, Ferreira, Charles H. P., Grosky, William, França, Fabrício O., and Medeiros, Débora M. R,
- Description:
- The relationship between words in a sentence often tell us more about the underlying semantic content of a document than its actual words, individually. Recent publications in the natural language processing arena, more specifically using word embeddings, try to incorporate semantic aspects into their word vector representation by considering the context of words and how they are distributed in a document collection. In this work, we propose two novel algorithms, called Flexible Lexical Chain II and Fixed Lexical Chain II that combine the semantic relations derived from lexical chains, prior knowledge from lexical databases, and the robustness of the distributional hypothesis in word embeddings into a single decoupled system. In short, our approach has three main contributions: (i) unsupervised techniques that fully integrate word embeddings and lexical chains; (ii) a more solid semantic representation that considers the latent relation between words in a document; and (iii) lightweight word embeddings models that can be extended to any natural language task. Knowledge-based systems that use natural language text can benefit from our approach to mitigate ambiguous semantic representations provided by traditional statistical approaches. The proposed techniques are tested against seven word embeddings algorithms using five different machine learning classifiers over six scenarios in the document classification task. Our results show that the integration between lexical chains and word embeddings representations sustain state-of-the-art results, even against more complex systems. Github: https://github.com/truas/LexicalChain_Builder
- Keyword:
- document classification, lexical chains, word embeddings, synset embeddings, chain2vec, and natural language processing
- Citation to related publication:
- Terry Ruas, Charles Henrique Porto Ferreira, William Grosky, Fabrício Olivetti de França, Débora Maria Rossi de Medeiros, "Enhanced word embeddings using multi-semantic representation through lexical chains", Information Sciences, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ins.2020.04.048
- Discipline:
- Other, Science, and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- A. Abeid, Bachir , L. Fabiilli, Mario , Aliabouzar, Mitra, and Estrada, Jon B.
- Description:
- Images of droplet dynamics during and after optical excitation experiments were recorded in the ultra-fast regime at 1 million frames per second (fps) while the low-speed, quasi-static evolution was carried at 1 fps. During both the inertial and quasi-static phases, we record 1–3 frames in the reference configuration prior to the arrival of the laser-pulse to distinguish the bubble from the background. Lastly, due to the complex physics of plasma formation and chemistry, forward simulations begin at the time when the bubble reaches its maximum expansion
- Keyword:
- optical droplet vaporization, cavitation, viscoelasticity, ultra-high-speed imaging, hydrogel, numerical modeling.
- Citation to related publication:
- Abeid, Bachir A, et al. (2024). Experimental and numerical investigations of ultra-high-speed dynamics of optically induced droplet cavitation in soft materials
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering