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- Creator:
- Larson, Joanna G, Hamar, Leslie, Whitcher, Courtney, Farrugia, Nicholas, and Schwarz, Eva
- Description:
- These are the data required to implement the authentic research experience (ARE) that we created and describe in our paper "The Batrachian Barf Bowl: An authentic research experience using ecological data from frog diets." We created an open-source “bowl game” competition that challenges students to identify, measure, and compare diet items across vouchered frog specimens.
- Keyword:
- Frog, Diet, Ecology, Science Education, Authentic Research Experience (ARE), Biodiversity, Herpetology, Museum Collections, Remote Learning, and Undergraduate
- Citation to related publication:
- Larson, J. G., Crowell, H. L., Walsh, L. L., & Davis Rabosky, A. R. (2022). The Batrachian Barf Bowl: An authentic research experience using ecological data from frog diets. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e9095. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9095 and The above article is also available in Deep Blue Documents at https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/174122
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Bougher, S. W. and Parkinson, C. D.
- Description:
- Understanding the state and composition of an exoplanetary atmosphere depends upon several parameters such as heating, cooling, mixing and reactions between constituent chemical species. Only a few types of atmospheric species can be detected remotely spectroscopically and only if their abundance is large enough to be detectable. In this initial study, we model the atmosphere of a Venus-like planet orbiting the M-type star GJ 436 to determine the global neutral temperature structure, winds, and energy balance as the radial distance of the planet from the star decreases.
- Keyword:
- Venus-like exoplanet, upper atmospheres , and heat balances
- Citation to related publication:
- C. D. Parkinson, S. W. Bougher, F. P. Mills, R. Hu, G. Gronoff, J. Li, A. Brecht, D. Adams, and Y. L. Yung. Venus as an Exoplanet: I. An Initial Exploration of the 3-D Energy Balance for a CO2 Exoplanetary Atmosphere Around an M-Dwarf Star, J. Geophysical Research, X, (2022). doi:....
- Discipline:
- Science
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Dynamical Heating in the Martian Thermosphere: Temperatures, Winds and Thermal Balances using M-GITM
- Creator:
- Bougher, S. W. and Pilinski, M. D.
- Description:
- The NASA MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) spacecraft, which is currently in orbit around Mars, has been taking systematic measurements of the densities and deriving temperatures in the upper atmosphere of Mars (between about 140 to 240 km above the surface) since late 2014. Wind measurement campaigns have also been conducted once per month for 5-10 orbits since 2016. These densities, temperatures and winds change with time (e.g. solar cycle, season, local time) and location, and sometimes fluctuate quickly. Global dust storm events are also known to significantly impact these density, temperature and wind fields in the Mars thermosphere. For the current project, in-situ measured winds and corresponding argon density derived temperatures are combined to trace the circulation patterns and investigate their convergence and divergence locations and impacts throughout the Mars thermosphere. M-GITM computed thermal balance terms are subsequently extracted to investigate the processes required to maintain the temperature distribution around the planet. For this work, Mars Year #33 (MY33) Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) measurements have been obtained by the MAVEN team for this purpose (see these representative works: (Bougher et al., 2017; Stone et al., 2018; Benna et al., 2019). These temperature and wind fields are compared to simulations from a computer model of the Mars atmosphere called M-GITM (Mars Global Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model), developed at U. of Michigan. Since the global circulation plays a role in the structure, variability, and evolution of the atmosphere, understanding the processes that drive the winds in the upper atmosphere of Mars also provides the needed context for understanding temperature distributions and underlying thermal balances throughout the atmosphere. Three dimensional M-GITM simulations for three of the four Mars cardinal seasons (Ls = 0, 90, 270) for MY33 were conducted for detailed comparisons with NGIMS temperature and wind distributions (Pilinski et al. 2022). Corresponding M-GITM datacubes used to extract these temperatures (plus winds) along the trajectory of each orbit path between 140 and 240 km, are provided in this Deep Blue Data archive. A single README file is included that details the contents of each datacube file. In addition, this general README file summarizes the inputs and outputs of each M-GITM simulation interval used for this study. Finally, a basic version of the M-GITM code can be found on Github at https:/github.com/dpawlows/MGITM.
- Keyword:
- MAVEN, Mars thermosphere, global dynamics, and heat balances owing to winds
- Citation to related publication:
- Pilinski, M. D., K. J. Roeten, S. W. Bougher and M. Benna, Dynamical Heating in the Martian Thermosphere, Journal Geophysical Res., XXX, (forthcoming - 2022). doi: .....
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Townsend, Kirk F., Clark, Marin K., and Niemi, Nathan A.
- Description:
- These datasets support the findings of Townsend et al. (in review) investigating the timing of faulting relative to changes in the orientation of the North American-Pacific plate boundary. Coeval with development of an oblique plate boundary segment (i.e. the “Big Bend” of the San Andreas fault), active shortening is inferred to have initiated at ~5 Ma in the Western Transverse Ranges (WTR). However, new low-temperature thermochronometric transects yield Miocene to Pleistocene apatite (U-Th-Sm)/He cooling ages and partially reset zircon (U-Th)/He ages. Inverse thermal modelling indicate that reverse faulting initiated as early as 10 Ma, several million years prior to our current understanding of the timing of the Big Bend. New and existing thermochronometry data delineate the WTR as the locus of rapid post-Miocene exhumation, and demonstrate that similar exhumation is not present in the broader region surrounding the Big Bend. We posit that reverse faulting is localized in the WTR because of a weak underlying lithosphere and predates the more recent geometric anomaly of the restraining bend in the transform margin.
- Keyword:
- Reverse faults, Fault initiation, Fault propagation, Low-temperature thermochronometry, Western Transverse Ranges, and San Andreas Fault
- Citation to related publication:
- Townsend, K. F., Clark, M. K., & Niemi, N. A., in review, Reverse faulting within a continental plate boundary transform system. Tectonics
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Goodrich, Jaclyn M., Tang, Lu, Rodríguez-Carmona, Yanelli, Meijer, J L., Perng, Wei, Watkins, Deborah J., Meeker, John D. , Mercado-García, Adriana, Cantoral, Alejandra, Song, Peter X. , Téllez-Rojo, Martha M. , and Peterson, Karen E.
- Description:
- Phthalates are chemicals found in many products that humans are exposed to. Prenatal exposure to phthalates has been associated with adverse outcomes that are detected in childhood, adolescence, and even adulthood. In this study, we sought to identify subtle biological changes in the metabolome of children that were exposed to phthalates during gestation. We hypothesized that prenatal phthalate exposures would alter metabolic pathways related to adiposity and cardiometabolic health. The article is under review (citation to be added when paper is published). The data included here encompass all exposure, demographic, and untargeted metabolomics data needed for the analysis described in the manuscript.
- Keyword:
- Phthalates , Prenatal, and Metabolomics
- Citation to related publication:
- Goodrich J.M., Tang L.,Rodríguez-Carmona Y., Meijer J.L, Perng W., Watkins D.J., Meeker J.D., Mercado-García A., Cantoral A., Song P.X., Téllez-Rojo M.M., Peterson K.E. Trimester-specific phthalate exposures in pregnancy are associated with circulating metabolites in children. PLoS One. (Under revision – forthcoming.)
- Discipline:
- Other and Health Sciences
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for postcrania (cervical vertebrae, L+R humerus, R scapula, R coracoid, L femur) of Stylemys nebrascensis (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP VP 9318) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data from the scan are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Testudinidae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Oligocene, CTEES, and c38728f5-6f38-d862-7bcf-9745e69db222
- Citation to related publication:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, CTEES. (2022). CT Data of UMMP VP 9318, Stylemys nebrascensis skull [Data set], University of Michigan - Deep Blue Data. https://doi.org/10.7302/74pd-kb09
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for HOLOTYPE jaw frag. of Trilophosaurus buettneri (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP_VP_2338) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data from the scan are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Trilophosauridae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, L. Triassic, CTEES, and 80ea727c-798c-5382-2ae7-eff7f13b66af
- Citation to related publication:
- Case, E.C. (1928) Indications of a Cotylosaur and of a New Form of Fish from the Triassic Beds of Texas, with Remarks on the Shinarump Conglomerate. Contributions from the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan Vol. 3(1):1-14. https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/48181
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Malhotra, Garima and Ridley, Aaron
- Description:
- This research aims to understand the influence of lower thermospheric atomic oxygen ([O]) and dynamics on the thermospheric Semi Annual Oscillation (SAO). [O] number densities between 95-100 km from WACCM-X are much closer to the observations from SABER instrument on TIMED satellite as compared to those from MSIS. We compare the phase and amplitude of SAO from different simulations with empirical models and observational datasets, and explore different mechanisms that can improve the SAO in IT models.
- Keyword:
- Semi Annual Oscillation, SAO, T-I SAO, Thermospheric Dynamics, Thermospheric Semi Annual Oscillation, WACCM-X coupling with GITM, Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model, WACCM-X, Whole Atmosphere Model, Vertical coupling, Meridional Circulation, Annual Oscillation, Thermospheric Intra-Annual Variations, and Semiannual Oscillation
- Citation to related publication:
- Malhotra, G., Ridley, A., Jones, M., (2021) Impacts of Lower Thermospheric Atomic Oxygen and Dynamics on Thermospheric Semiannual Oscillation using GITM and WACCM-X, Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- Modey, Christine A., Cheatle, Joseph, and Giaimo, Genie N.
- Description:
- Data includes information regarding session notes from sixty-three institutions, including blank session note forms, data sets of completed session notes, and survey data about how sessions notes are conceived of, and used, in writing centers.
- Keyword:
- session note, client report form, tutor notes, writing center, writing, and tutor
- Citation to related publication:
- Christine Modey, Genie Giaimo, and Joseph Cheatle. “Session Notes: Preliminary Results from a Cross-Institutional Survey.” Praxis: A Writing Center Journal 18.3 (2021): 52-75. https://issuu.com/titospanks/docs/18.3_summer_2021_full_issue_2._pdf
- Discipline:
- Humanities
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- Creator:
- Curlis, JD, Renney, TJ, Davis Rabosky, AR, and Moore, TY
- Description:
- Efficient comparisons of biological color patterns are critical for understanding the mechanisms by which organisms evolve in ecosystems, including sexual selection, predator-prey interactions, and thermoregulation. However, elongate or spiral-shaped organisms do not conform to the standard orientation and photographic techniques required for automated analysis. Currently, large-scale color analysis of elongate animals requires time-consuming manual landmarking, which reduces their representation in coloration research despite their ecological importance. We present Batch-Mask: an automated and customizable workflow to facilitate the analysis of large photographic data sets of non-standard biological subjects. First, we present a user guide to run an open-source region-based convolutional neural network with fine-tuned weights for identifying and isolating a biological subject from a background (masking). Then, we demonstrate how to combine masking with existing manual visual analysis tools into a single streamlined, automated workflow for comparing color patterns across images. Batch-Mask was 60x faster than manual landmarking, produced masks that correctly identified 96% of all snake pixels, and produced pattern energy results that were not significantly different from the manually landmarked data set. The fine-tuned weights for the masking neural network, user guide, and automated workflow substantially decrease the amount of time and attention required to quantitatively analyze non-standard biological subjects. By using these tools, biologists will be able to compare color, pattern, and shape differences in large data sets that include significant morphological variation in elongate body forms. This advance will be especially valuable for comparative analyses of natural history collections, and through automation can greatly expand the scale of space, time, or taxonomic breadth across which color variation can be quantitatively examined.
- Keyword:
- convolutional neural network, photography, sensory ecology, color evolution, vision, and image segmentation
- Citation to related publication:
- Curlis, Renney, Davis Rabosky, Moore (submitted) Batch-Mask: An automated Mask R-CNN workflow to isolate non-standard biological specimens for color pattern analysis.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science