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- Creator:
- Fu, Xun, Zhang, Bohao, Weber, Ceri J., Cooper, Kimberly L., Vasudevan, Ram, and Moore, Talia Y.
- Description:
- Tails used as inertial appendages induce body rotations of animals and robots---a phenomenon that is governed largely by the ratio of the body and tail moments of inertia. However, vertebrate tails have more degrees of freedom (e.g., number of joints, rotational axes) than most current theoretical models and robotic tails. To understand how morphology affects inertial appendage function, we developed an optimization-based approach that finds the maximally effective tail trajectory and measures error from a target trajectory. For tails of equal total length and mass, increasing the number of equal-length joints increased the complexity of maximally effective tail motions. When we optimized the relative lengths of tail bones while keeping the total tail length, mass, and number of joints the same, this optimization-based approach found that the lengths match the pattern found in the tail bones of mammals specialized for inertial maneuvering. In both experiments, adding joints enhanced the performance of the inertial appendage, but with diminishing returns, largely due to the total control effort constraint. This optimization-based simulation can compare the maximum performance of diverse inertial appendages that dynamically vary in moment of inertia in 3D space, predict inertial capabilities from skeletal data, and inform the design of robotic inertial appendages.
- Keyword:
- simulation, inertial maneuvering, caudal vertebrae, trajectory optimization, and reconfigurable appendages
- Citation to related publication:
- Xun Fu, Bohao Zhang, Ceri J. Weber, Kimberly L. Cooper, Ram Vasudevan, Talia Y. Moore. (in review) Jointed tails enhance control of three-dimensional body rotation.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
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- Creator:
- Gottesman, Ari
- Description:
- This study analyzes correlations between magnetic field data from closely-spaced pairs of ground magnetometers to observe the spatial scale of ionospheric current signatures. Correlations were mainly calculated in 7.5 minute intervals for periods of multiple days. Distributions were taken from the collection of these 7.5 minute intervals to identify the amount of time where the magnetometers were observing "similar" or "different" ionospheric signatures. The raw magnetometer data was taken from two geomagnetic storms: one taking place on 7-8 September, 2017, and the other taking place on 23-24 March, 2023. These periods were selected due to the presence of both high and low geomagnetic activity. The final distributions calculated from this analysis are available in Correlation_Distributions.csv.
- Keyword:
- Space Weather Impacts, Geomagnetically Induced Currents, and GIC
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:97068 (Ammotragus lervia) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1972 x 1578 x 1 voxel at 0.1215074 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:97068 (Ammotragus lervia) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1972 TIF images (each 1972 x 1578 x 1 voxel at 0.121507 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ammotragus lervia, 1987319019, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987319019
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:103305 (Eudorcas THOMSONII) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1870 x 924 x 1 voxel at 0.0912381 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:103305 (Eudorcas THOMSONII) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1636 TIF images (each 1870 x 924 x 1 voxel at 0.091238 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Eudorcas THOMSONII, 1987323462, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987323462
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:125684 (Capreolus capreolus) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1555 x 1967 x 1 voxel at 0.1215076 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:125684 (Capreolus capreolus) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1411 TIF images (each 1555 x 1967 x 1 voxel at 0.121508 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Cervidae, Capreolus capreolus, 1987249347, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987249347
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:178562 (Ourebia ourebi) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 791 x 1671 x 1 voxel at 0.1214979 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:178562 (Ourebia ourebi) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1446 TIF images (each 791 x 1671 x 1 voxel at 0.121498 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Ourebia ourebi, 1987263154, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987263154
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:98974 (Pithecia pithecia) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1906 x 1171 x 1 voxel at 0.03753849 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:98974 (Pithecia pithecia) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1347 TIF images (each 1906 x 1171 x 1 voxel at 0.037538 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Primates, Pitheciidae, Pithecia pithecia, 1987274325, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987274325
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161558 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 3141 TIF images (each 1493 x 1512 x 1 voxel at 0.03506225 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161558 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1189 TIF images (each 1493 x 1512 x 1 voxel at 0.035062 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Pteropodidae, Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS, 1987354029, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987354029
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161556 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 3141 TIF images (each 1691 x 1195 x 1 voxel at 0.03272923 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:161556 (Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1864 TIF images (each 1691 x 1195 x 1 voxel at 0.032729 mm resolution, derived from 3141 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Chiroptera, Pteropodidae, Rousettus amplexicaudatus AMPLEXICAUDATUS, 1987335558, computed tomography, X-ray, 3D, and DiceCT
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987335558
- Discipline:
- Science
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- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Zoology
- Description:
- Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:39515 (Philantomba MONTICOLA monticola) - Skull. Raw Dataset includes 1601 TIF images (each 1691 x 871 x 1 voxel at 0.07610194 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction. and Scan of specimen ummz:mammals:39515 (Philantomba MONTICOLA monticola) - Skull. Reconstructed Dataset includes 1077 TIF images (each 1691 x 871 x 1 voxel at 0.076102 mm resolution, derived from 1601 scan projections), xtek and vgi files for volume reconstruction.
- Keyword:
- Animalia, Chordata, Mammalia, Artiodactyla, Bovidae, Philantomba MONTICOLA monticola, 1987262495, computed tomography, X-ray, and 3D
- Citation to related publication:
- For more information on the original UMMZ specimen, see: https://www.gbif.org/occurrence/1987262495
- Discipline:
- Science