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- Creator:
- Sun, Hu, Ren, Jiaen, Chen, Yang, Zou, Shasha, Chang, Yurui, Wang, Zihan, and Coster, Anthea
- Description:
- Our research focuses on providing a fully-imputed map of the worldwide total electron content with high resolution and spatial-temporal smoothness. We fill in the missing values of the original Madrigal TEC maps via estimating the latent feature of each latitude and local time along the 2-D grid and give initial guess of the missing regions based on pre-computed spherical harmonics map. The resulting TEC map has high imputation accuracy and the ease of reproducing. All data are in HDF5 format and are easy to read using the h5py package in Python. The TEC map is grouped in folders based on years and each file contains a single-day data of 5-min cadence. Each individual TEC map is of size 181*361. and WARNING: 2023-12-01 the data file for 2019-Jan-03 has badly fitted values. Please avoid using it. All other days' files are ready to use.
- Keyword:
- Total Electron Content, Matrix Completion, VISTA, Spherical Harmonics, and Spatial-Temporal Smoothing
- Citation to related publication:
- Sun, H., Hua, Z., Ren, J., Zou, S., Sun, Y., & Chen, Y. (2022). Matrix completion methods for the total electron content video reconstruction. The Annals of Applied Statistics, 16(3), 1333-1358., Sun, H., Chen, Y., Zou, S., Ren, J., Chang, Y., Wang, Z., & Coster, A. (2023). Complete Global Total Electron Content Map Dataset based on a Video Imputation Algorithm VISTA. Scientific Data, in press., and Zou, S., Ren, J., Wang, Z., Sun, H., & Chen, Y. (2021). Impact of storm-enhanced density (SED) on ion upflow fluxes during geomagnetic storm. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 8, 746429.
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for vertebrae of Hyopsodus (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP_VP_102495) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data from the scan are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Hyopsodontidae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Eocene, CTEES, and 01ee73fb-6b53-fe52-3a01-2857be88a65e
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Lyons, Michael A, Malhotra, Rumaan, and Thompson, Cody W
- Description:
- Free-roaming domestic dogs (Canis lupus familiaris) pose major conservation and public health risks worldwide. To better understand the threat of domestic dogs to wildlife and people and add to the growing literature on free-roaming dog ecology, a study was conducted to estimate the dog population in Tulum, Mexico. A modified mark-recapture technique and program MARK were used to obtain dog population estimates along six different transects dividing the city.
- Keyword:
- Canis lupus familiaris, MARK, McMaster, parasite load, population estimation, zoonoses
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Liu, Meichen
- Description:
- The raw seismic records are downloaded from Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology. The facilities of IRIS Data Services, and specifically the IRIS Data Management Center, were used for access to waveforms, related metadata, and/or derived products used in this study. The synthetic seismograms are generated by SPECMFEM3D_Globe software which was downloaded from the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics ( https://geodynamics.org/).
- Keyword:
- Composition and structure of the mantle, Phase transitions, North America, Body waves, and Computational seismology
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- McCuen, Brett A.
- Description:
- The data were used to study the high-frequency geomagnetic disturbances within the magnetic field data. Included in this repository are the python scripts that perform an identification and classification of high-frequency signals within the magnetometer data that is downloaded from the databases listed in the Methodology section. All analysis and plots were created using subsequent Python libraries. The machine learning study implemented libraries from the sci-kit learn software. All of the specific methodology can be accessed in the readme.txt script.
- Keyword:
- geomagnetic field, high frequency, space weather, transient-large-amplitude, TLA, high frequency dB/dt, and dB/dt search algorithm
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Roeten, K. J. and Bougher, S. W.
- Description:
- In order to better understand the large-scale impacts of smaller-scale gravity waves in the upper atmosphere of Mars, a modern whole atmosphere, nonlinear, non-orographic, spectral gravity wave parameterization scheme (Yigit et al., 2008) has been added to the ground-to-exosphere 3-D general circulation model, M-GITM (Bougher et al., 2015), which previously did not account for the effects of this physical process. New atmospheric simulations have been run for cases which did and did not utilize this gravity wave parameterization as well as for cases designed to test the sensitivity of certain adjustable parameters within the scheme. After including the gravity wave parameterization scheme into M-GITM, large impacts are found on the simulated mean thermospheric horizontal velocities and temperature structure, especially within the altitude range of 90-170 km (Roeten et al., 2022). The most notable of these impacts include a reduction in speed of the thermospheric easterlies in the summer hemisphere as well as overall cooling, on average, at altitudes above 120 km., Simulations were run for two different seasons at Mars, a solstice (Ls=270) and an equinox (Ls=180). The output from these simulations have been averaged over all local times over a 15-day time period, starting on the day of the solstice or equinox. The output has also been zonally averaged over all longitudes. Files containing these zonally and temporally averaged files are named starting with “MGITM_ZonalAvg”. Both solstice and equinox cases have been simulated once without including the gravity wave parameterization (“nogw”) and once with the gravity wave parameterization included (“withgw”). Additional simulations of the Ls=270 solstice have been done individually adjusting the horizontal wavelength and maximum source flux parameters within the gravity wave scheme. , and Other M-GITM simulations have also been provided in a different format. These M-GITM simulations are ‘flythroughs’ of model output, extracted along the same trajectory path of the MAVEN spacecraft, which allows for better data-model comparisons with in-situ MAVEN/NGIMS (Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer) observations. These simulations have been done for three different NGIMS observational campaigns, both for cases that include and do not include the effects of gravity waves. Output from these simulations has NOT been averaged; instead, output from each simulated MAVEN orbit is included within the file. These files are named starting with “MGITM_TempExtraction” or “MGITM_WindExtraction” based on whether the MGITM flythrough was designed to be compared to MAVEN/NGIMS temperature or wind profiles, respectively.
- Keyword:
- Mars, M-GITM, MAVEN, and Mars upper atmosphere
- Citation to related publication:
- Roeten, K. J., Bougher, S. W., Yigit, E., Medvedev, A. S., Benna, M., Elrod, M. K. (2022). Impacts of gravity waves in the Martian thermosphere: The Mars Global Ionosphere- Thermosphere Model coupled with a whole atmosphere gravity wave scheme. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. In preparation.
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Bougher, Stephen W. and Roeten, Kali J.
- Description:
- The NASA MAVEN (Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution) spacecraft, which is currently in orbit around Mars, has been taking systematic measurements of the densities and deriving temperatures in the upper atmosphere of Mars between about 140 to 240 km above the surface since late 2014. Wind measurement campaigns are also conducted once per month for 5-10 orbits. These densities, temperatures and winds change with time (e.g. solar cycle, season, local time) and location, and sometimes fluctuate quickly. Global dust storm events are also known to significantly impact these density, temperature and wind fields in the Mars thermosphere. For the current project, the derived temperatures and O plus CO2 densities are used to characterize the upper atmosphere dayside thermal and density structure. Presently, more than 6 years of Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer (NGIMS) measurements of neutral densities have been obtained by the MAVEN team (e.g. Mahaffy et al. 2015; Bougher et al 2015; Elrod et al., 2017; 2021; Stone et al. 2018; Gupta et al., 2021). Measured neutral density distributions are compared to simulations from a computer model of the Mars atmosphere called M-GITM (Mars Global Ionosphere-Thermosphere Model), developed at U. of Michigan. Since the global circulation plays a role in the structure, variability, and evolution of the atmosphere, understanding the processes that drive the winds in the upper atmosphere of Mars also provides the needed context for understanding density and temperature distributions and how the atmosphere behaves as a whole system. Three dimensional M-GITM simulations for extreme Mars seasonal and solar cycle conditions were conducted for detailed comparisons with NGIMS derived temperatures and O/CO2 ratio distributions (Bougher et al. 2022). Extracted model densities and temperatures along the MAVEN inbound trajectory of each orbit path (between ~300 km and periapsis) are provided in this Deep Blue Data archive. Corresponding M-GITM heat balance terms are also provided in vertical 1-D tabulated formats. README files are included for each suite of 1-D "flythru" tables, detailing the contents of each file. In addition, a general README file is provided that summarizes the inputs and outputs of the M-GITM code simulations for this study. Finally, a basic version of the M-GITM code can be found on Github at https:/github.com/dpawlows/MGITM.
- Keyword:
- Mars, NASA MAVEN Mission, NGIMS instrument , and M-GITM numerical simulations
- Citation to related publication:
- Bougher, S. W., Benna, M., Elrod, M., Roeten, K., & Thiemann, E. (2023). MAVEN/NGIMS dayside exospheric temperatures over solar cycle and seasons: Role of dayside thermal balances in regulating temperatures. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 128, e2022JE007475. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022JE007475
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Towne, Aaron, Yeh, Chi-An., Patel, Het, and Taira, Kunihiko
- Description:
- This dataset contains data from a three-dimensional large eddy simulation of Mach 0.3 flow over a NACA 0012 airfoil at Reynolds number 23,000, which features a transitional boundary layer, separation over a recirculation bubble, and a turbulent wake. The dataset contains 16,000 time-resolved snapshots of the mid-span and spanwise-averaged velocity fields. All data are stored within hdf5 files, and a Matlab script showing how the data can be read and manipulated is provided. Please see the ‘airfoilLES_README.pdf’ file for more information. We recommend using the ‘airfoilLES_example.zip’ file as an entry point to the dataset. and The dataset is part of “A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows” (see references below) and is intended to aid in the conception, training, demonstration, evaluation, and comparison of reduced-complexity models for fluid mechanics. The paper introduces the flow setup and computational methods, describes the available data, and provides an example of how these data can be used for reduced-complexity modeling. Users of these data should cite the papers listed below.
- Citation to related publication:
- Towne, A., Dawson, S., Brès, G. A., Lozano-Durán, A., Saxton-Fox, T., Parthasarthy, A., Biler, H., Jones, A. R., Yeh, C.-A., Patel, H., Taira, K. (2022). A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows. AIAA Journal 61(7): 2867-2892. and Yeh, C.-A. and Taira, K. (2019) Resolvent-analysis-based design of airfoil separation control. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 867:572–610.
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- Towne, Aaron, Jones, Anya, and Biler, Hulya
- Description:
- This dataset contains experimental measurements of a flat-plate airfoil passing through a large-amplitude transverse gust. The dataset contains an ensemble of of the airfoil-gust encounter to account for variability in the gust profile, and each realization contains time-resolved force measurements and planar PIV velocity fields. All data are stored within hdf5 files, and a Matlab script showing how the data can be read and manipulated is provided. Please see the ‘airfoilEXP_README.pdf’ file for more information. We recommend using the ‘airfoilEXP_example.zip’ file as an entry point to the dataset. and The dataset is part of “A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows” (see references below) and is intended to aid in the conception, training, demonstration, evaluation, and comparison of reduced-complexity models for fluid mechanics. The paper introduces the flow setup and computational methods, describes the available data, and provides an example of how these data can be used for reduced-complexity modeling. Users of these data should cite the papers listed below.
- Keyword:
- fluid mechanics and aerodynamics
- Citation to related publication:
- Towne, A., Dawson, S., Brès, G. A., Lozano-Durán, A., Saxton-Fox, T., Parthasarthy, A., Biler, H., Jones, A. R., Yeh, C.-A., Patel, H., Taira, K. (2022). A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows. AIAA Journal 61(7): 2867-2892., Biler, H., Sedky, G., Jones, A. R., Saritas, M. and Cetiner, O. (2021) Experimental investigation of transverse and vortex gust encounters at low Reynolds numbers. AIAA Journal, 59(3):786–799., and Andreu-Angulo, I., Babinsky, H., Biler, H., Sedky, G. and Jones, A. R. (2020) Effect of transverse gust velocity profiles. AIAA Journal, 58(12):5123–5133.
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- Towne, Aaron and Dawson, Scott
- Description:
- This dataset contains data from direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional stationary and pitching flat-plate airfoils at Reynolds number 100. The dataset contains time-resolved snapshots of the velocity field, lift and drag coefficients, and airfoil kinematics spanning 40-100 convective time units. Cases include a stationary airfoil and eight different pitching frequencies. All data are stored within hdf5 files, and a Matlab script showing how the data can be read and manipulated is provided. Please see the ‘airfoilDNS_README.pdf’ file for more information. We recommend using the ‘airfoilDNS_example.zip’ file as an entry point to the dataset. and The dataset is part of “A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows” (see references below) and is intended to aid in the conception, training, demonstration, evaluation, and comparison of reduced-complexity models for fluid mechanics. The paper introduces the flow setup and computational methods, describes the available data, and provides an example of how these data can be used for reduced-complexity modeling. Users of these data should cite the papers listed below.
- Keyword:
- fluid mechanics and aerodynamics
- Citation to related publication:
- Towne, A., Dawson, S., Brès, G. A., Lozano-Durán, A., Saxton-Fox, T., Parthasarthy, A., Biler, H., Jones, A. R., Yeh, C.-A., Patel, H., Taira, K. (2022). A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows. AIAA Journal 61(7): 2867-2892. and Dawson, S. T. M., Floryan, D. C., Rowley, C. W., and Hemati, M. S. (2016) Lift enhancement of high angle of attack airfoils using periodic pitching. AIAA Paper 2016-2069.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
- Creator:
- Towne, Aaron S. and Lozano-Durán, Adrián
- Description:
- This dataset contains data from two direct numerical simulations of a turbulent zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate boundary layer spanning friction Reynolds numbers from 292 to 728 (BL1) and 488 to 1024 (BL2). The dataset contains time-resolved snapshots of the three-dimensional velocity field for both cases: roughly 10,000 snapshots spanning 20 eddy-turnover times for BL1 and 7,500 snapshots spanning 7 eddy-turnover times for BL2 . Also included for both cases are pre-processed correlations at several wall-normal distances, mean and root-mean-squared velocity and vorticity profiles, several boundary-layer metrics, and time-resolved velocity data in the streamwise-wall-normal plane. All data are stored within hdf5 files, and a Matlab script showing how the data can be read and manipulated is provided. Please see the ‘BLdns_README.pdf’ file for more information. We recommend using the ‘BLdns_example.zip’ file as an entry point to the dataset. and The dataset is part of “A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows” (see references below) and is intended to aid in the conception, training, demonstration, evaluation, and comparison of reduced-complexity models for fluid mechanics. The paper introduces the flow setup and computational methods, describes the available data, and provides an example of how these data can be used for reduced-complexity modeling. Users of these data should cite the paper listed below.
- Keyword:
- fluid mechanics, boundary layer, and turbulence
- Citation to related publication:
- Towne, A., Dawson, S., Brès, G. A., Lozano-Durán, A., Saxton-Fox, T., Parthasarthy, A., Biler, H., Jones, A. R., Yeh, C.-A., Patel, H., Taira, K. (2022). A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows. AIAA Journal 61(7): 2867-2892.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
Prescribed Burn Single-Particle Mass Spectra, University of Michigan Biological Station October 2017
- Creator:
- Pratt, Kerri
- Description:
- This dataset corresponds to 5,500 single-particle, dual-polarity mass spectra of biomass burning particles measured from a mobile laboratory during the 2017 prescribed burn at the University of Michigan Biological Station near Pellston, Michigan. Size-resolved chemical composition of individual particles, primarily ranging from 0.15 - 0.60 μm in vacuum aerodynamic diameter, was measured using an aerosol time-of-flight mass spectrometer (ATOFMS).
- Keyword:
- aerosol chemistry
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Towne, Aaron, Saxton-Fox, Theresa, and Parthasarthy, Aadhy
- Description:
- This dataset contains experimental measurements of a zero-pressure-gradient flat-plate boundary layer at five different Reynolds numbers collected using particle image velocimetry. For each Reynolds number, the dataset contains approximately 6000 snapshots of planar velocity fields as well as raw particle image pairs. All data are stored within hdf5 files, and a Matlab script showing how the data can be read and manipulated is provided. Please see the ‘BLexp_README.pdf’ file for more information. We recommend using the ‘BLexp_example.zip’ file as an entry point to the dataset. and The dataset is part of “A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows” (see references below) and is intended to aid in the conception, training, demonstration, evaluation, and comparison of reduced-complexity models for fluid mechanics. The paper introduces the flow setup and computational methods, describes the available data, and provides an example of how these data can be used for reduced-complexity modeling. Users of these data should cite the papers listed below.
- Keyword:
- fluid mechanics
- Citation to related publication:
- Towne, A., Dawson, S., Brès, G. A., Lozano-Durán, A., Saxton-Fox, T., Parthasarthy, A., Biler, H., Jones, A. R., Yeh, C.-A., Patel, H., Taira, K. (2022). A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows. AIAA Journal 61(7): 2867-2892.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
- Creator:
- Iong, Daniel, Chen, Yang, Toth, Gabor, Zou, Shasha, Pulkkinen, Tuija I., Ren, Jiaen, Camporeale, Enrico, and Gombosi, Tamas I. I.
- Description:
- In this work, we trained gradient boosted trees using XGBoost to predict the SYM-H forecasting using different combinations of solar wind and interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) parameters. Data are in csv and Python pickle formats.
- Keyword:
- SYM-H forecasting
- Citation to related publication:
- Iong, D., Y. Chen, G. Toth, S. Zou, T. I. Pulkkinen, J. Ren, E. Camporeale, and T. I. Gombosi, New Findings from Explainable SYM-H Forecasting using Gradient Boosting Machines, Space Weather,11, accepted, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/essoar.10508063.3
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Bacon, Elizabeth, Hanson, Erika N., Austin, Sarah, Delacroix, Emerson, Uhlmann, Wendy, Roberts, Scott, and Resnicow, Ken
- Description:
- Survey respondents were cancer-affected patients seen at an academic medical center, and self-reported experiences with genetic testing and counseling. This is raw dataset is saved in comma separated value (.csv) format.
- Keyword:
- Genetic Testing, Clinician Recommandation , NCCN Guidelines, Hereditary Genetic Testing, and Disparities in Genetic Counseling
- Citation to related publication:
- American Association of Kidney Patients: A List of Support Groups in Michigan. https://aakp.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/Support-Groups-Michigan.pdf
- Discipline:
- Science and Health Sciences
-
- Creator:
- Xiantong Wang
- Description:
- Magnetospheric sawtooth oscillations are observed during strong and steady solar wind driving conditions. The simulation results of our global MHD model with embedded kinetic physics show that when the total magnetic flux carried by constant solar wind exceeds a threshold, sawtooth-like magnetospheric oscillations are generated. Different from previous works, this result is obtained without involving time-varying ionospheric outflow in the model. The oscillation period and amplitude agree well with observations. The simulated oscillations cover a wide range of local times, although the distribution of magnitude as a function of longitude is different from observations. Our comparative simulations using ideal or Hall MHD models do not produce global time-varying features, which suggests that kinetic reconnection physics in the magnetotail is a major contributing factor to sawtooth oscillations.
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Liemohn, Michael W, Adam, Joshua G, and Ganushkina, Natalia Y
- Description:
- Many statistical tools have been developed to aid in the assessment of a numerical model’s quality at reproducing observations. Some of these techniques focus on the identification of events within the data set, times when the observed value is beyond some threshold value that defines it as a value of keen interest. An example of this is whether it will rain, in which events are defined as any precipitation above some defined amount. A method called the sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve sweeps the event definition threshold of both the model output and the observations, resulting in the identification of threshold intervals for which the model does well at sorting the observations into events and nonevents. An excellent data-model comparison will have a smooth STONE curve, but the STONE curve can have wiggles and ripples in it. These features reveal clusters when the model systematically overestimates or underestimates the observations. This study establishes the connection between features in the STONE curve and attributes of the data-model relationship. The method is applied to a space weather example.
- Keyword:
- space physics, statistical methods, and STONE curve
- Citation to related publication:
- Liemohn, M. W., Adam, J. G., & Ganushkina, N. Y. (2022). Analysis of features in a sliding threshold of observation for numeric evaluation (STONE) curve. Space Weather, 20, e2022SW003102. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022SW003102
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Towne, Aaron S. and Brès, Guillaume
- Description:
- This dataset contains data from a large eddy simulation of a turbulent jet at Mach number 0.9. The dataset contains 10000 time-resolved snapshots of three-dimensional velocity, density, and pressure fields spanning 2000 acoustic time units and also includes pre-processed azimuthal Fourier modes for each snapshot and the mean flow. All data are stored within hdf5 files, and a Matlab script showing how the data can be read and manipulated is provided. Please see the ‘jet_README.pdf’ file for more information. We recommend using the ‘jet_example.zip’ file as an entry point to the dataset. and The dataset is part of “A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows” (see references below) and is intended to aid in the conception, training, demonstration, evaluation, and comparison of reduced-complexity models for fluid mechanics. The paper introduces the flow setup and computational methods, describes the available data, and provides two examples of how these data can be used for reduced-complexity modeling. Users of these data should cite the two papers listed below.
- Keyword:
- fluid mechanics, jets, and turbulence
- Citation to related publication:
- Towne, A., Dawson, S., Brès, G. A., Lozano-Durán, A., Saxton-Fox, T., Parthasarthy, A., Biler, H., Jones, A. R., Yeh, C.-A., Patel, H., Taira, K. (2022). A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows. AIAA Journal 61(7): 2867-2892. and Brès, G. A., Jordan, P., Jaunet, V., Le Rallic, M., Cavalieri, A. V. G., Towne, A., Lele, S. K., Colonius, T., Schmidt, O. T. (2018) Importance of the nozzle-exit boundary-layer state in subsonic turbulent jets. J. Fluid Mech., 851:83–124.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
- Creator:
- Marchman, Timothy, Dominique, Daniel, Zhang, Huayile, Daneshvar, Fariborz, and Murphy Kevin
- Description:
- We created various files, including GIS files and data files for both the UM Hydrologic Modeling Team and for our own Escherichia coli sampling project. The UM Hydrologic Team used the files we created to make their models more accurate. For example, we edited Clinton River subwatershed files to better reflect below and above-ground infrastructure, and provided them to the modeling team. For our own E. coli subproject we created time series, GIS files, and R code to better understand the influence of precipitation and streamflow on E. coli dynamics. Our time-series data is based on baseline and storm sampling we conducted in the summer of 2021. We used GIS files to explore the subwatersheds of our E. coli sampling locations. Finally, we created R code to help us visualize and analyze the data.
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Agnit Mukhopadhyay
- Description:
- - A semi-physical global modeling approach is used to estimate diffuse & discrete sources of auroral precipitation during the Galaxy15 event. - Diffuse sources contribute 74% of the total auroral power. Discrete sources are strongly driven by activity and can contribute up to 61%. - Broadband precipitation contributes 31% of the auroral Pedersen conductance playing a significant role in ionospheric electrodynamics.
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- Murray, Kendra E, Niemi, Nathan A, and Clark, Marin C
- Description:
- These data were produced in the scope of research into understanding the application of zircon (U-Th)/He thermochronometric data derived from rocks with complex radiation damage distributions to the extraction of long-term (>1 Gyr) thermal histories of the Earth's upper crust. The samples used in this study were collected from the Front Range in Colorado, USA. The low-temperature (apatite and zircon (U-Th)/He) thermochronometric ages presented in this data set are sensitive to near-surface temperatures (~80C and 180C, respectively) and record the progressive exhumation of the rock mass from which the samples were collected towards the Earth's surface. These thermochronometric ages, and the differences between them, provide insight into the deep-time (~1000 Ma - 100 Ma) thermal history of the Colorado Front Range.
- Keyword:
- apatite, zircon, helium, (U-Th)/He, (U-Th-Sm)/He, thermochronometry, thermochronology, low-temperature, Colorado, Boulder, geology, Colorado Mineral Belt, and Front Range
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Larson, Joanna G and Weiner, Abraham
- Description:
- This dataset consists of 11 linear external morphological measurements from 1,614 adult frog individuals from 434 species that all naturally occur in the Western Hemisphere. We used these data to investigate patterns of multidimensional morphospace structure in frog assemblages along the latitudinal diversity gradient in the Americas. The measured traits are predictive of adult microhabitat use, diel activity patterns, locomotion, mating habitat, and diet.
- Keyword:
- functional traits, morphology, frog, anura, and amphibian
- Citation to related publication:
- Larson, JG, PO Title, and DL Rabosky. Expansion and packing of frog morphospace along the Western Hemisphere latitudinal diversity gradient revealed by functional traits. In prep
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Kort, Eric A., Plant, Genevieve, Brandt, Adam R., Chen, Yuanlei, Gorchov Negron, Alan M., Schwietzke, Stefan, Smith, Mackenzie L., and Zavala-Araiza, Daniel
- Description:
- As part of the Flaring & Fossil Fuels: Uncovering Emissions & Losses (F3UEL) project, in 2021 the aircraft measurement platform sampled offshore oil & gas facilities in Alaska and California to quantify facility-level emissions using the approach detailed in Conley et al. (2017). Onshore, the aircraft sampled downwind of flare combustion plumes in the Bakken region of North Dakota. Vertical profiles were conducted on each flight to capture the vertical structure and mixing depths of the atmosphere. The data file contains all merged flight data from each flight day. and Reference: Conley, S., Faloona, I., Mehrotra, S., Suard, M., Lenschow, D. H., Sweeney, C., Herndon, S., Schwietzke, S., Pétron, G., Pifer, J., Kort, E. A., and Schnell, R.: Application of Gauss’s theorem to quantify localized surface emissions from airborne measurements of wind and trace gases, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 3345 – 3358, 2017.
- Keyword:
- Offshore Oil & Gas, Flaring, Methane, and Nitrogen Dioxides
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Kort, Eric A., Plant, Genevieve, Smith, Mackenzie L., Brandt, Adam R., Chen, Yuanlei, Gorchov Negron, Alan M., Schwietzke, Stefan, and Zavala-Araiza, Daniel
- Description:
- As part of the Flaring & Fossil Fuels: Uncovering Emissions & Losses (F3UEL) project, in 2020 the aircraft measurement platform sampled offshore oil & gas facilities in the Gulf of Mexico to quantify facility-level emissions using the approach detailed in Conley et al. (2017). Onshore, the aircraft sampled downwind of flare combustion plumes in the Permian and Eagle Ford regions of Texas. Vertical profiles were conducted on each flight to capture the vertical structure and mixing depths of the atmosphere. The data file contains all merged flight data from each flight day. and Reference: Conley, S., Faloona, I., Mehrotra, S., Suard, M., Lenschow, D. H., Sweeney, C., Herndon, S., Schwietzke, S., Pétron, G., Pifer, J., Kort, E. A., and Schnell, R.: Application of Gauss’s theorem to quantify localized surface emissions from airborne measurements of wind and trace gases, Atmos. Meas. Tech., 10, 3345 – 3358, 2017.
- Keyword:
- Offshore Oil & Gas, Flaring, Methane, and Nitrogen Oxides
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Brian C. Weeks
- Description:
- Description: Each folder contains all of the data for a specific specimen; the folder names correspond to the University of Michigan Museum of Zoology catalog number for the specimen. Folders with a “-“ in the name are individual specimens that were photographed multiple independent times; the number following the “-“ indicates the repetition number (i.e. the folder named “UMMZ_242382-10” contains the tenth set of photographs for specimen UMMZ 242382). The photographs are necessary to train and test the Skelevision model, which is a computer vision approach to identifying and measuring elements of the skeleton (length of the tibiotarsus, tarsometatarsus, femur, humerus, ulna, radius, carpometacarpus, 2nd digit 1st phalanx, skull, and keel; the outer diameter of the sclerotic ring at its widest point; and the distance from the back of the skull to the tip of the bill). The data span 115 species of passerines across 79 genera from 59 families.
- Keyword:
- Bird skeleton, neural network, and functional traits
- Citation to related publication:
- Weeks, B.C., Zhou, Z., O’Brien, B., Darling, R., Dean, M., Dias, T., Hassena, G., Zhang, M., and Fouhey, D.F. 2022. A deep neural network for high throughput measurement of functional traits on museum skeletal specimens. Methods in Ecology and Evolution. https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.13864
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for a first lumbar vertebra of Sifrhippus grangeri (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP VP 115547) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data from the scan are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin. In some publications this species is referred to as Hyracotherium grangeri.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Equidae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Eocene, CTEES, and ef48281d-2984-86f2-2bee-052b26cf8da9
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for a series of vertebrae from the second lumbar through first sacral of Sifrhippus grangeri (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP VP 115547) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset. The reconstructed slice data from the scan are offered here as a series of unsigned 16-bit integer TIFF images. The upper left corner of the first image (*_0000.tif) is the XYZ origin. In some publications this species is referred to as Hyracotherium grangeri.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Equidae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Eocene, CTEES, and ef48281d-2984-86f2-2bee-052b26cf8da9
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Arbic, B.K., Elipot, S., Menemenlis, D., and Shriver, J.F.
- Description:
- The datafiles and Matlab code files in this repository contain the information needed to produce the figures in the paper. We also include the code used to process the raw model output files into spectra.
- Citation to related publication:
- B.K. Arbic, S. Elipot, J.M. Brasch, D. Menemenlis, A.L. Ponte, J.F. Shriver, X. Yu, E.D. Zaron, M.H. Alford, M.C. Buijsman, R. Abernathey, D. Garcia, L. Guan, P.E. Martin, and A.D. Nelson (2022), Near-surface oceanic kinetic energy distributions from drifter observations and numerical models. In review.
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Larson, Joanna G, Hamar, Leslie, Whitcher, Courtney, Farrugia, Nicholas, and Schwarz, Eva
- Description:
- These are the data required to implement the authentic research experience (ARE) that we created and describe in our paper "The Batrachian Barf Bowl: An authentic research experience using ecological data from frog diets." We created an open-source “bowl game” competition that challenges students to identify, measure, and compare diet items across vouchered frog specimens.
- Keyword:
- Frog, Diet, Ecology, Science Education, Authentic Research Experience (ARE), Biodiversity, Herpetology, Museum Collections, Remote Learning, and Undergraduate
- Citation to related publication:
- Larson, J. G., Crowell, H. L., Walsh, L. L., & Davis Rabosky, A. R. (2022). The Batrachian Barf Bowl: An authentic research experience using ecological data from frog diets. Ecology and Evolution, 12, e9095. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.9095 and The above article is also available in Deep Blue Documents at https://hdl.handle.net/2027.42/174122
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Bressler, Alison and Blesh, Jennifer
- Description:
- This dataset contains three data files and three corresponding metadata files used in Bressler, A., and J. Blesh. 2022. Episodic N2O emissions following tillage of a legume-grass cover crop mixture. Biogeosciences. The file “Cover_crop_soil_N2O.xls” contains data organized by site, replicate block, and treatment for spring cover crop biomass, nitrogen and carbon content, and legume BNF; soil fertility characteristics including potentially mineralizable nitrogen, particulate organic matter stocks, concentrations, and nitrogen content; and cumulative nitrous oxide data. The file “Soil_properties.xls” contains baseline soil data organized by site and replicate block. The file “Daily_N2O.xls” contains daily nitrous oxide data organized by site, replicate block, treatment, and date. The corresponding metadata files: “Cover_crop_soil_N2O_metadata.xls”, and “Soil_properties_metadata.xls”, and “Daily_N2O_metadata.xls” provided detailed descriptions of all variables in each data set and any abbreviations used.
- Keyword:
- cover crops, legume-grass mixtures, nitrous oxide, particulate organic matter, soil organic matter.
- Citation to related publication:
- Bressler, A., and J. Blesh. 2022. Episodic N2O emissions following tillage of a legume-grass cover crop mixture. Biogeosciences.
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Al Shidi, Q. and Pulkkinen, T.
- Description:
- Provided are the resultant and processed data.
- Keyword:
- space physics, ground magnetometers, magnetosphere, numerical space physics, solar wind, numerical space physics, and ionosphere
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Zhang, Yingxiao MI and Steiner, Allison MI
- Description:
- Atmospheric aerosols are emitted from both natural and anthropogenic sources, and they play an important role in climate, impacting solar radiation and cloud formation. Compared to other types of aerosol particles, primary biological aerosol particles (PBAP, e.g., fungal spores, bacteria, pollen, virus, etc.) are relatively understudied. However, they are linked to adverse health effects and have the potential to influence ice nucleation at higher temperatures. Anemophilous (or wind-driven) pollen is one of the important PBAP, impacts cloud properties under some conditions, and triggers allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis (also known as hay fever) and asthma. Because pollen emission is closely associated with environmental drivers, the climatic change could influence pollen emission and consequently the incidence of allergic disease. Using CMIP6 model data, our research projects continental-scale changes in pollen emissions at the end of the century, considering the effects of temperature, precipitation, CO2, and future vegetation distribution change. While prior studies have evaluated single types of pollen, we use a mechanistic model to comprehensively simulate total pollen across the United States from all sources. Similar to previous single-source pollen studies, our simulations suggest that pollen season duration will lengthen, and pollen emission will increase in the future, but in addition, we identify new synergies between different pollen types that can influence the maximum daily pollen. Our work highlights that the changes of overlap between pollen seasons of different vegetation taxa can magnify or mitigate the impacts of climate change, which addresses the importance to study all pollen emissions comprehensively. Given pollen is one of the most common triggers of seasonal allergies, our findings also provide information to evaluate global health conditions in the future. In this study, all of the pollen emission data are written in NetCDF files.
- Keyword:
- Pollen emission change, Climate change, Public health, Vegetation land cover change, and CO2 effects
- Citation to related publication:
- Zhang, Y. and Steiner, A. “Projected climate-driven changes in pollen emission season length and magnitude over the continental United States”, under review in Nature Communication, 2022. and yingxz. (2022). steiner-lab/pecm: PECM2.0 (2.0). Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5874177
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Cody H. Pham, Jason M. Tallant, J. Jordan Price, and David N. Karowe
- Description:
- Anthropogenic climate change will dramatically alter species distributions. The rate and magnitude of range shifts, however, will differ among taxa, resulting in altered patterns of co-occurrence and interspecific interactions. We examined potential climate-mediated breeding range shifts among North American wood-warblers (Parulidae), a speciose avian family likely to be especially impacted by such changes. We used publicly available species distribution model (SDM) range outputs to compare current ranges and patterns of sympatry among warbler species to future ranges and sympatry under 1.5 °C, 2.0 °C, and 3.0 °C of average global warming. We used these outputs to calculate average breeding range area, range overlap among species, number of sympatric species, and distances of breeding range shifts. We additionally calculated the number gained and lost sympatric interactions under each warming scenario.
- Keyword:
- wood-warbler, University of Michigan Biological Station (UMBS), Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU), climate change, interspecific, range shift, species distribution models, sympatric, and student-friendly
- Discipline:
- Science
-
An analysis of recorded and simulated SH wave reverberations in the upper mantle beneath the USArray
- Creator:
- Meichen Liu
- Description:
- We use waveform data from the USArray and spectral-element method synthetics for 3-D seismic models. The recorded waveform data are downloaded from Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology (IRIS) which is open to everyone. The synthetic waveform data are generated by the SPECMFEM3D_Globe software that was downloaded from the Computational Infrastructure for Geodynamics ( https://geodynamics.org/). This dataset includes the scripts we use to automatically download data from IRIS, the selection of data, and the application of the CRP method. In doing this, we use the TauP toolkit which is free to download ( https://www.seis.sc.edu/taup/) to compute the travel time.
- Keyword:
- seismology
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Troesch, Armin, W. and Kang, C.-G.
- Description:
- This scaled acceleration time series has been used in the graduate class, NA540, as an example of hydrodynamic impact. For a more detailed description of the tests, please see: Troesch, A.W. and Kang, C.-G., "Hydrodynamic Impact Loads on Three Dimensional Bodies," Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Berkeley, July 1986, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1987, pp. 537-558.
- Keyword:
- hydrodynamic impact
- Citation to related publication:
- Troesch, A.W. and Kang, C.-G., "Hydrodynamic Impact Loads on Three Dimensional Bodies," Proceedings of the 16th Symposium on Naval Hydrodynamics, Berkeley, July 1986, National Academy Press, Washington, D.C., 1987, pp. 537-558. This item is not available online due to copyright restrictions, but the text can be searched using Hathi Trust: https://babel.hathitrust.org/cgi/pt?id=mdp.39015040312475
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
Bounce-Averaged Quasi-Linear Diffusion Model Simulation Input/Output on Mars’ Crustal Magnetic Field
- Creator:
- Alexander Shane
- Description:
- To study the effect of whistler mode waves on the superthermal electron velocity space at Mars, a numerical model was built to solve the bounce-averaged quasi-linear diffusion equation on a crustal field. This dataset includes the input and output variables to this model for the simulations performed in Shane and Liemohn, 2022. The studies using this dataset were conducted by Alex Shane in the Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering Department at the University of Michigan. This research was supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Grant NNX16AQ04G to the University of Michigan and the Rackham Predoctoral Fellowship.
- Keyword:
- Mars, Electron, and Crustal Fields
- Citation to related publication:
- Shane, A. D., & Liemohn, M. W. (2022). Modeling wave-particle interactions with photoelectrons on the dayside crustal fields of Mars. Geophysical Research Letters, 49, e2021GL096941. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GL096941
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Zhang, Yingxiao MI and Steiner, Allison MI
- Description:
- In the dataset, "_T" means temperature effects only, without "_T" means temperature and precipitation effects are both considered, "_co2" means CO2 effects are considered on the based of temperature and precipitation effects.
- Keyword:
- pollen emission, climate change, and public health
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Vaskov, Alex K, Vu, Philip P, North, Naia, Davis, Alicia J, Kung, Theodore A, Gates, Deanna H, Cederna, Paul S, and Chestek, Cynthia A
- Description:
- The data was used to calibrate and simulate pattern recognition algorithms for the following publication: Surgically Implanted Electrodes Enable Real-Time Finger and Grasp Pattern Recognition for Prosthetic Hands (medRxiv 2020, IEEE TRO in review). Each data file is named as follows Px_PostureSet.csv. Where Px is the patient number. The 1 of 10 posture set contains individual finger and intrinsic thumb movements, the grasps posture set contains a fewer number of combined finger movements. P1’s calibration data for individual fingers is labelled 1 of 12 because it also includes two grasps, which were removed for analysis in the publication. The first column of each .csv file is the experiment time in seconds. The second column is the posture of the cue hand at that timestamp. The rest of the columns are the raw EMG data in microvolts sampled at 30KSps. A legend of the movement postures, each patients EMG channels, and suggested signal processing and filtering is included in DataLabellingAndProcessing.pdf
- Keyword:
- pattern recognition, electromyography, regenerative peripheral nerve interface, intramuscular electrodes, and myoelectric prostheses
- Citation to related publication:
- Surgically Implanted Electrodes Enable Real-Time Finger and Grasp Pattern Recognition for Prosthetic Hands A. K. Vaskov, P. P. Vu, N. North, A. J. Davis, T. A. Kung, D. H. Gates, P. S. Cederna, C. A. Chestek medRxiv 2020.10.28.20217273; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.10.28.20217273
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology and CTEES
- Description:
- Reconstructed CT slices for a left dentary of Carpodaptes stonleyi (University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology catalog number UMMP VP 85286) as a series of TIFF images. Raw projections are not included in this dataset.
- Keyword:
- Paleontology, Fossil, CT, Carpolestidae, UMMP, University of Michigan Museum of Paleontology, Paleocene, CTEES, and ed7da511-d04c-fd32-09ef-0ea552966545
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Yadav, Rajeev, Widom, Julia R, Chauvier, Adrien, and Walter, Nils G
- Description:
- These data were generated to study the conformational dynamic of fluoride riboswitch as an isolated RNA and in presence of RNA polymerase at different transcript lengths.
- Keyword:
- Fluoride riboswitch, smFRET, and conformational dynamics
- Citation to related publication:
- Yadav, R., Widom, J.R., Chauvier, A. et al. An anionic ligand snap-locks a long-range interaction in a magnesium-folded riboswitch. Nat Commun 13, 207 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-021-27827-y
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Sun, Hu, Ren, Jiaen, Chen, Yang, and Zou, Shasha
- Description:
- Our research focuses on providing a fully-imputed map of the worldwide total electron content with high resolution and spatial-temporal smoothness. We fill in the missing values of the original Madrigal TEC maps via estimating the latent feature of each latitude and local time along the 2-D grid and give initial guess of the missing regions based on pre-computed spherical harmonics map. The resulting TEC map has high imputation accuracy and the ease of reproducing. and All data are in HDF5 format and are easy to read using the h5py package in Python. The TEC map is grouped in folders based on years and each file contains a single-day data of 5-min cadence. Each individual TEC map is of size 181*361.
- Keyword:
- Total Electron Content, Matrix Completion, VISTA, Spherical Harmonics, and Spatial-Temporal Smoothing
- Citation to related publication:
- Sun, H., Hua, Z., Ren, J., Zou, S., Sun, Y., & Chen, Y. (2020). Matrix Completion Methods for the Total Electron Content Video Reconstruction. arXiv preprint arXiv:2012.01618. and Zou, S., Ren, J., Wang, Z., Sun, H., & Chen, Y. (2021). Impact of Storm-Enhanced Density (SED) on Ion Upflow Fluxes During Geomagnetic Storm. Frontiers in Astronomy and Space Sciences, 162.
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Xiantong Wang
- Description:
- We perform a geomagnetic event simulation using a newly developed magnetohydrodynamic with adaptively embedded particle-in-cell (MHD-AEPIC) model. We have developed effective criteria to identify reconnection sites in the magnetotail and cover them with the PIC model. The MHD-AEPIC simulation results are compared with Hall MHD and ideal MHD simulations to study the impacts of kinetic reconnection at multiple physical scales. At the global scale, the three models produce very similar SYM-H and SuperMag Electrojet (SME) indexes, which indicates that the global magnetic field configurations from the three models are very close to each other. At the mesoscale we compare the simulations with in situ Geotail observations in the tail. All three models produce reasonable agreement with the Geotail observations. The MHD-AEPIC and Hall MHD models produce tailward and earthward propagating fluxropes, while the ideal MHD simulation does not generate flux ropes in the near-earth current sheet. At the kinetic scales, the MHD-AEPIC simulation can produce a crescent shape distribution of the electron velocity space at the electron diffusion region which agrees very well with MMS observations near a tail reconnection site. These electron scale kinetic features are not available in either the Hall MHD or ideal MHD models. Overall, the MHD-AEPIC model compares well with observations at all scales, it works robustly, and the computational cost is acceptable due to the adaptive adjustment of the PIC domain.
- Keyword:
- MHD, PIC, and Magnetosphere
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Ding, J, Moore, TY, and Gan, Z
- Description:
- Jerboas (Jaculus jaculus) are bipedal hopping rodents that frequently transition between gaits (running, hopping, and skipping) throughout their entire speed range. It has been hypothesized that these non-cursorial bipedal gait transitions are likely to enhance their maneuverability and predator evasion ability. However, it is difficult to use the underlying dynamics of these locomotion patterns to predict gait transitions due to the large number of degrees of freedom expressed by the animals. To this end, we used empirical jerboa kinematics and dynamics to develop a unified Spring Loaded Inverted Pendulum model with defined passive swing leg motions. The simulated trajectories from the model precisely matched the experimental data. Jerboas were observed to apply different neutral swing leg angles during locomotion. By investigating the gait structure of the model with coupled and uncoupled neutral swing leg, we found two set of mechanism may explain the frequent gait transitions of jerboas.
- Keyword:
- jerboa, legged locomotion, gait transition, Legged Robots, Dynamics, Bipedal locomotion, and Non-cursorial locomotion
- Citation to related publication:
- Ding, Moore, Gan (submitted) A template model explains jerboa gait transitions across a broad range of speeds. Frontiers in Bioengineering And Biotechnology
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- BIRDS Lab U. Michigan
- Description:
- This dataset contains the videos used for https://doi.org/10.7302/m05a-0d90 (the "raw" motion tracking dataset), and is intended to be unpacked into the same directory tree. The data were produced for ARO W911NF-14-1-0573 "Morphologically Modulated Dynamics" and ARO MURI W911NF-17-1-0306 "From Data-Driven Operator Theoretic Schemes to Prediction, Inference, and Control of Systems" to explore the trade-offs between various oscillator coupling models in modeling multilegged locomotion. The data were also used extensively in examining multi-contact slipping, in the studying the influence of number of legs on otherwise identical locomotion patterns, and in the use of geometric mechanics models for multilegged locomotion. Folder and file names encode the meta-data, with names following an informative naming convention documented in the README.
- Keyword:
- phase, multilegged, robot, and locomotion
- Citation to related publication:
- BIRDS Lab U. Michigan. BIRDS Lab Multipod robot motion tracking data - RAW dataset [Data set], University of Michigan - Deep Blue Data. https://doi.org/10.7302/m05a-0d90, Zhao, D. Ph.D. Thesis "Locomotion of low-DOF multi-legged robots" University of Michigan 2021 https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/169985, and Zhao, D. & Revzen, S. Multi-legged steering and slipping with low DoF hexapod robots Bioinspiration & biomimetics, 2020, 15, 045001 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/ab84c0
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- Valeriy Tenishev
- Description:
- Here we present an investigation of the variability of Venus' extended oxygen corona. For that, we employ a combination of a fluid model VTGCM for simulating Venus' ionosphere and thermosphere and kinetic model AMPS. We have found excellent agreement of the model results with PVO observations of the corona when the modeling is done assuming the solar maximum conditions, which corresponds to the solar conditions during the observations. We also found that the oxygen density strongly depends on the solar conditions and varies by order of magnitude over a solar cycle. That explains why the extended oxygen corona was observed only at the solar maximum. The result presented in this paper will be used in a later study of the planet's interaction with the ambient solar wind, where the corona model defines the mass loading coefficient.
- Keyword:
- Venus, VTGCM, AMPS, and Venus extended corona
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- BIRDS Lab, U. Michigan
- Description:
- These data were produced for ARO W911NF-14-1-0573 "Morphologically Modulated Dynamics" and ARO MURI W911NF-17-1-0306 "From Data-Driven Operator Theoretic Schemes to Prediction, Inference, and Control of Systems" to explore the trade-offs between various oscillator coupling models in modeling multilegged locomotion of Multipod robots with 6,8,10 and 12 legs. The data is stored in .csv.gz files, one file for each robot morphology. Details of how to run the processing code on the raw dataset to generate the processed files found here, as well as example code for loading the data found here, are in the README. This dataset is self contained and can be used on its own without running any of the provided code.
- Citation to related publication:
- Zhao, D. & Revzen, S. Multi-legged steering and slipping with low DoF hexapod robots Bioinspiration & biomimetics, 2020, 15, 045001 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/ab84c0, Zhao, D. Ph.D. Thesis "Locomotion of low-DOF multi-legged robots" University of Michigan 2021 https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/169985, and BIRDS Lab Multipod robot motion tracking data - RAW data, doi:10.7302/m05a-0d90
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
- Creator:
- Curlis, JD, Renney, TJ, Davis Rabosky, AR, and Moore, TY
- Description:
- Efficient comparisons of biological color patterns are critical for understanding the mechanisms by which organisms evolve in ecosystems, including sexual selection, predator-prey interactions, and thermoregulation. However, elongate or spiral-shaped organisms do not conform to the standard orientation and photographic techniques required for automated analysis. Currently, large-scale color analysis of elongate animals requires time-consuming manual landmarking, which reduces their representation in coloration research despite their ecological importance. We present Batch-Mask: an automated and customizable workflow to facilitate the analysis of large photographic data sets of non-standard biological subjects. First, we present a user guide to run an open-source region-based convolutional neural network with fine-tuned weights for identifying and isolating a biological subject from a background (masking). Then, we demonstrate how to combine masking with existing manual visual analysis tools into a single streamlined, automated workflow for comparing color patterns across images. Batch-Mask was 60x faster than manual landmarking, produced masks that correctly identified 96% of all snake pixels, and produced pattern energy results that were not significantly different from the manually landmarked data set. The fine-tuned weights for the masking neural network, user guide, and automated workflow substantially decrease the amount of time and attention required to quantitatively analyze non-standard biological subjects. By using these tools, biologists will be able to compare color, pattern, and shape differences in large data sets that include significant morphological variation in elongate body forms. This advance will be especially valuable for comparative analyses of natural history collections, and through automation can greatly expand the scale of space, time, or taxonomic breadth across which color variation can be quantitatively examined.
- Keyword:
- convolutional neural network, photography, sensory ecology, color evolution, vision, and image segmentation
- Citation to related publication:
- Curlis, Renney, Davis Rabosky, Moore (submitted) Batch-Mask: An automated Mask R-CNN workflow to isolate non-standard biological specimens for color pattern analysis.
- Discipline:
- Engineering and Science
-
- Creator:
- BIRDS Lab U. Michigan
- Description:
- These data were produced for ARO W911NF-14-1-0573 "Morphologically Modulated Dynamics" and ARO MURI W911NF-17-1-0306 "From Data-Driven Operator Theoretic Schemes to Prediction, Inference, and Control of Systems" to explore the trade-offs between various oscillator coupling models in modeling multilegged locomotion. The data were also used extensively in examining multi-contact slipping, in the studying the influence of number of legs on otherwise identical locomotion patterns, and in the use of geometric mechanics models for multilegged locomotion. Folder and file names encode the meta-data, with names following an informative naming convention documented in the README.
- Keyword:
- phase, multilegged, robot, and locomotion
- Citation to related publication:
- Zhao, D. & Revzen, S. Multi-legged steering and slipping with low DoF hexapod robots Bioinspiration & biomimetics, 2020, 15, 045001 https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-3190/ab84c0 and Zhao, D. Ph.D. Thesis "Locomotion of low-DOF multi-legged robots" University of Michigan 2021 https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/169985
- Discipline:
- Science and Engineering
-
- Creator:
- Brenner, Austin, M
- Description:
- Coupling between the solar wind and magnetosphere can be expressed in terms of energy transfer through the separating boundary known as the magnetopause. Geospace simulation is performed using the Space Weather Modeling Framework (SWMF) of a multi-ICME impact event on February 18-20, 2014 in order to study the energy transfer through the magnetopause during storm conditions. The magnetopause boundary is identified using a modified plasma $\beta$ and fully closed field line criteria to a downstream distance of $-20R_{e}$. Observations from Geotail, Themis, and Cluster are used as well as the Shue 1998 model to verify the simulation field data results and magnetopause boundary location. Once the boundary is identified, energy transfer is calculated in terms of total energy flux \textbf{K}, Poynting flux \textbf{S}, and hydrodynamic flux \textbf{H}. Surface motion effects are considered and the regional distribution of energy transfer on the magnetopause surface is explored in terms of dayside $\left(X>0\right)$, flank $\left(X<0\right)$, and tail cross section $\left(X=X_{min}\right)$ regions. It is found that total integrated energy flux over the boundary is nearly balanced between injection and escape, and flank contributions dominate the Poynting flux injection. Poynting flux dominates net energy input, while hydrodynamic flux dominates energy output. Surface fluctuations contribute significantly to net energy transfer and comparison with the Shue model reveals varying levels of cylindrical asymmetry in the magnetopause flank throughout the event. Finally existing energy coupling proxies such as the Akasofu $\epsilon$ parameter and Newell coupling function are compared with the energy transfer results.
- Keyword:
- Space plasma, Magnetosphere, MHD simulations, Magnetopause, Substorm, Energy transfer, and Poynting flux
- Citation to related publication:
- Brenner A, Pulkkinen TI, Al Shidi Q and Toth G (2021) Stormtime Energetics: Energy Transport Across the Magnetopause in a Global MHD Simulation. Front. Astron. Space Sci. 8:756732. doi: 10.3389/fspas.2021.756732
- Discipline:
- Science
-
- Creator:
- Malhotra, Garima and Ridley, Aaron J.
- Description:
- The goal of this research study is to understand the sensitivity of the IT region to the spatial variation of Kzz. This is done using the IT model, GITM, with different settings and spatial distributions for Kzz. We introduce latitudinal bands (longitudinally uniform) of 30 degrees width at equatorial and polar latitudes during different seasons similar to the previous observations in literature. We investigate the mechanisms through which a non-uniform global distribution of Kzz can alter the dynamics and thermal structure of the thermosphere, and how these effects compare to when a globally uniform value of Kzz is used.
- Keyword:
- Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere, Eddy Diffusion, Thermospheric Dynamics, Thermospheric composition and mixing, Lower-Upper Thermosphere Vertical Coupling, Global Ionosphere Thermosphere Model, and Eddy Mixing
- Citation to related publication:
- Malhotra, G., Ridley, A.J. (2021). Impacts of Spatially Varying Eddy Diffusion in the Lower Thermosphere on the Ionosphere and Thermosphere using GITM - Sensitivity Study. and A.J. Ridley, Y. Deng, G. Tóth, The global ionosphere–thermosphere model, Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Volume 68, Issue 8, 2006, Pages 839-864, ISSN 1364-6826, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jastp.2006.01.008.
- Discipline:
- Science