images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Plantaginaceae (sometimes called Veronicaceae). This family was recently separated from Scrophulariaceae (sensu lato), and taxonomy of these families remains unstable. Scoparia is an important medicinal plant.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Phyllanthaceae. Phyllanthus spp. and Flueggea occur wild in Central Mali. This family was formerly included in Euphorbiaceae.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Turneraceae. Recently the family Turneraceae including Tricliceras was merged into Passifloraceae in one botanical system, but some botanists reject this. Tricliceras is a weed in villages.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Orobanchaceae. The local species is Striga hermonthica, a root parasite of millet and other crop plants. The family (like Plantaginaceae) was recently separated from Scrophulariaceae, but family-level taxonomy remains controversial.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Onagraceae. The local genus is Ludwigia. L. hyssopifolia and L. erecta are the two species known in Central Mali away from the main rivers (where other spp. are also found).
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Nymphaeaceae (true water lilies, compare Menyanthaceae). Nymphaea lotus is the largest species and has distinctive dentate leaf margins. N. maculata and N. micrantha are smaller; N. maculata has roughly circular leaves, while N. micrantha has more oval-shaped leaves and usually a tuft of hairs on top of the leaf next to the stem axis.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Nyctaginaceae. The genus Boerhavia has been revised since our collecting began and it is best to consider all of these images to be "Boerhavia sp.", though mostly B. coccinea.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Myrtaceae. Syzygium is the local native species and is featured here. Syzygium is rare in Central Mali but was found on the summit of Gandamiya mountain near Douentza. It is common farther south. The family also includes guava, clove, and eucalyptus.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Moringaceae. The local species is Moringa oleracea, planted here and there in villages chiefly for the foliage which is made into a sauce.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of the family Molluginaceae. The common species in Central Mali are Mollugo nudicaulis (from which a spontaneous "soap" can be made) and Glinus lotoides. See also Aizoaceae (Trianthema, Zaleya), Gisekiaceae (Gisekia), and Limeaceae (Limeus). These families have been combined in various ways in previous classifications.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of the family Meliaceae. Azadirachta (neem tree) is nonnative but is planted everywhere in Malian villages and cities. Khaya ("caïlcédrat") was formerly the boulevard tree of preference in cities in the colonial period; it is native to West Africa but occurs in the wild mainly farther south.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Malvaceae, genera I to Z. Malvaceae (sensu lato) now includes former Bombacaceae (Adansonia, Ceiba, Bombax), Tiliaceae (Grewia, Corchorus, Triumfetta), and Sterculiaceae (Cola, Sterculia, Waltheria).
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Malvaceae, genus Hibiscus. H. sabdariffa (roselle) is cultivated. H. esculentus (okra) is not widely cultivated in this zone. Of native species, H. micranthus can be confused with H. pseudohirtus.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Malvaceae, genera A to G. Malvaceae (sensu lato) now includes former Bombacaceae (Adansonia, Ceiba, Bombax), Tiliaceae (Grewia, Corchorus, Triumfetta), and Sterculiaceae (Cola, Sterculia, Waltheria).
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Malphighiaceae. The family is represented in rocky areas of Central Mali by Acridocarpus monodii, which is endemic to Mali and has become rare (and threatened).
images of plants, in nature and specimens, of family Lythraceae. Lawsonia is the henna bush, planted in towns. Henna is a dark pigment used in body decorations, especially hands and feet.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Loranthaceae (mistletoe). Englerina has yellow flowers. Tapinanthus spp. have red flowers and are difficult to distinguish from each other. Tapinanthus bangwensis is the common species in Central Mali.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Limeaceae. This family has recently been separated from Molluginaceae. Only Limeum pterocarpum is widespread in Central Mali.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Lauraceae. Cassytha is a native plant. Laurus nobilis (a kind of bay leaf) is an imported dried leaf used as a spice especially in Songhay cuisine.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Lami.aceae (synonym Labiatae). Leucas and Leonotis genera overlap and may be merged. Gmelina and Vitex have been transferreed to Lamiaceae from Verbenaceae but are still listed as Verbenaceae in some websites.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Hydrocharitaceae. Included is genus Najas, which is sometimes elevated to family status (Najadaceae). Najas spp. are difficult for a nonspecialist to distinguish from each other and from Lagarosiphon. Ottelia is easily recognized.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of plants of the family Hernandiaceae. Genus Gyrocarpus, the only one present in the zone, is sometimes placed in its own family Gyrocarpaceae.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Fabaceae, subfamily Faboideae, genera T to Z. Vigna unguiculata is cultivated cowpea (the local "beans"). Vigna subterranea (ex Vouandzeia) is cultivated groundnut (resembles peanut but harder).
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Fabaceae (legumes), subfamily Caesalpinioideae, mimosoid clade, former Acacia spp. (sensu lato). The acacias were split in 2011 into several genera: African acacias were assigned to Faidherbia, Senegalia, and Vachellia. Acacia (sensu stricto) was delimited to Australia (due to strong-arming from the Australian timber industry), even though the type species was Acacia (now Vachellia) nilotica. Acacia ehrenbergiana was renamed Vachellia flava, in other cases the species epithet did not change when the genus changed. Many botanists continue to use Acacia for the entire complex, others recognize Faidherbia but retain Acacia for Senegalia and Vachellia. By strict botanical rules, Acacia should be limited to "Vachellia".
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Fabaceae (legumes), subfamily Caesalpinioideae, excluding mimosoids (e.g. acacias). The genus Cassia has been divided into Cassia (sensu stricto), Chamaecrista, and Senna.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Euphorbiaceae. Euphorbia sudanica may include the very similar Euphorbia paganorum. Manihot is cultivated cassava. Euphorbia balsamifera is planted along roads. The two Jatropha's (of American origin) and Ricinus are planted in villages. See also Phyllanthaceae, which were moved out of Euphorbiaceae.
images of flora from nature or of specimens, family Cyperaceae. Only a few of the many sedge spp. are of interest to people in central Mali: Cyperus articulatus (aromatic tubers), Cyperus esculentus (commercialized edible tubers, "pois sucrés"), Cyperus maculatus (rootstocks burned as incense), Cyperus rotundus (edible tubers, not very good and not commercialized).
images of flora from nature or of specimens, family Cucurbitaceae . There are some difficulties involving determinations of wild melons with protrusions (horns), Cucumis pustulatus/metuliferus/prophetarum. Cultivated spp. are Lagenaria (gourd, calabash), Citrullus lanatus (watermelon), and Cucurbita (squash/pumpkin).
images of flora from nature or of specimens, family Cleomaceae. This family was previously part of Capparaceae, and is now sometimes included in Brassicaceae.
images of flora from nature or of specimens, family Burseraceae. Commiphora africana produces a gum (bdellium) known as albarkante in Mali and widely burned as incense.
images of flora from nature or of specimens, family Brassicaceae (formerly Cruciferae). Most of the native plants of this family are Saharan, if Cleomaceae is treated as a separate family as in this collection.
images of plants, in nature or specimens, of family Bixaceae. Cochlospermum tinctorium was photographed in an ethnomedicinal garden; it has not been observed in the wild in the zone covered.
images of plants in nature or specimens, family Annonaceae. Annona reticulata and A. squamosa are planted in courtyards for their fruits (sweetsop). Xylopia is an imported spice ("grains of Selim").
images of plants in nature or specimens, family Anacardiaceae. Includes Anacardium (cashew) and Mangifera (mango). Genus Ozoroa was included in Heeria in the past.
images of plants in nature or specimens, family Amaranthaceae. The ex-Chenopodiaceae are listed as Amaranthaceae_Chenopodioideae. Our specimens of the cultivated amaranth (a sauce vegetable) are listed as Amaranthus_cf._dubius/hybridus.
images of nonflowering plants. file names begin with fl (for "flora") plus "fern", "fungi", or "lichen". The lichen Pseudevernia is imported dry as a spice especially in Timbuktu.
Maisauri is a modern settlement on the west side of the valley of the Qumuri River. According to Raphiel Kartvelishvili, Classical pottery and the remains of a structure built out of ashlar masonry, possibly a church, were found to the west of the settlement on a ridge called Nadarbazevi, which offers a view both northeastward to the Phasis River valley and southwestward to the valley of the Supsa and beyond it to the Black Sea (A073).
This dataset is the results from qualitatively coding the 76 articles that represent the dataset from our literature review. We categorized papers according to their approach (case study, other research project, position paper), setting (library, museum, research lab), and publication domain (library information science, computer science, domain publication, other). We also coded for the focus of the paper, and whether motivating needs were listed as a reason for migration.
Citation to related publication:
Thomer, AK, Starks, JS, Rayburn, A, Lenard, M. Maintaining repositories, databases, and digital collections in memory institutions: an integrative review. Accepted at the 85th Annual Association for Information Science and Technology.
The data (raw data, composite files [processed], and some images) can be read by the program TerraSurveyor. Version 3.0.34.10 of the software was used to create the composite files in this deposit. and The magnetometer data was the second step in a geophysical survey program that began with magnetic susceptibility survey of a portion of the Weedon Island Preserve in St. Petersburg, Florida. Geophysical survey was used to map human occupation of the study area and to guide subsequent archaeological excavations.
Sampson, C. P. (2019) Safety Harbor at the Weeden Island Site: Late Pre-Columbian Craft, Community, and Complexity on Florida's Gulf Coast. PhD Dissertation, University of Michigan. and Sampson, Christina Perry and Timothy J. Horsley. Using Multi-Staged Magnetic Survey and Excavation to Assess Community Settlement Organization: A Case Study from the Central Peninsular Gulf Coast of Florida. Advances in Archaeological Practice. Cambridge University Press: 18 December 2019. https://doi.org/10.1017/aap.2019.45
The data contained in the file comprises those collected during the characterization of the sensor as described in the article "Investigation of a low-cost magneto-inductive magnetometer for space science applications" (cited below). This includes:, Resolution
, Stability
, Linearity
, and Frequency response
We use our 1-D chemical diffusive model to quantify the physical processes necessary to interpret the day-side ionospheric measurements acquired with radio occultation techniques at the southern high-latitude region of Mars, where the crustal magnetic field is strong and near-vertical in orientation. To interpret the measured ionospheric structure at altitudes where plasma transport dominates, we find it is necessary to impose field-aligned vertical plasma drifts caused by the motion of neutral winds. The most interesting finding of
this study is that both upward (between 110 m/s and 150 m/s) and downward (between -55 m/s and -120 m/s) drifts are required to maintain the topside Ne distribution comparable with the measured distribution. We also find that a fixed velocity boundary condition at the upper boundary with a sizeable upward ion velocity is needed to encounter any unexpected ion accumulation in the topside ionosphere to limit the Martian ion outflow. Given the complex nature of neutral dynamics and its relationship to plasma transport processes over magnetic anomalies, we consider that a simple model, such as we have developed, is still capable of yielding valuable insights relating to the neutral wind system at Mars.
The AI4Shipwrecks dataset contains sidescan sonar images of shipwrecks and corresponding binary labels collected during 2022 and 2023 at the NOAA Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary in Alpena, MI. The data collection platform was an Iver3 Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) equipped with an EdgeTech 2205 dual-frequency ultra-high resolution sidescan sonar and 3D bathymetric system. The labels were compiled from reference labels created by experts in marine archaeology. The intended use of this dataset is to encourage development of semantic segmentation, object detection, or anomaly detection algorithms in the computer vision field. Comparisons of state-of-the-art segmentation networks on our dataset are shown in the paper.
, The file structure is organized as described in the README.txt file, where images in 'images' directories are the waterfall product of sidescan sonar surveys, and images in 'labels' directories are binary representations of expert labels. Images across the 'images' and 'labels' directories are correlated by having identical filenames. In the label images, a pixel value of '0' represents the non-shipwreck/other class and '1' represents the shipwreck class for the correspondingly named image (<wreck_name>_<##>.png) in the images directory.
, and The project webpage can be found at: https://umfieldrobotics.github.io/ai4shipwrecks/
In order to better understand the large-scale impacts of smaller-scale gravity waves in the upper atmosphere of Mars, a modern whole atmosphere, nonlinear, non-orographic, spectral gravity wave parameterization scheme (Yigit et al., 2008) has been added to the ground-to-exosphere 3-D general circulation model, M-GITM (Bougher et al., 2015), which previously did not account for the effects of this physical process. New atmospheric simulations have been run for cases which did and did not utilize this gravity wave parameterization as well as for cases designed to test the sensitivity of certain adjustable parameters within the scheme. After including the gravity wave parameterization scheme into M-GITM, large impacts are found on the simulated mean thermospheric horizontal velocities and temperature structure, especially within the altitude range of 90-170 km (Roeten et al., 2022). The most notable of these impacts include a reduction in speed of the thermospheric easterlies in the summer hemisphere as well as overall cooling, on average, at altitudes above 120 km., Simulations were run for two different seasons at Mars, a solstice (Ls=270) and an equinox (Ls=180). The output from these simulations have been averaged over all local times over a 15-day time period, starting on the day of the solstice or equinox. The output has also been zonally averaged over all longitudes. Files containing these zonally and temporally averaged files are named starting with “MGITM_ZonalAvg”. Both solstice and equinox cases have been simulated once without including the gravity wave parameterization (“nogw”) and once with the gravity wave parameterization included (“withgw”). Additional simulations of the Ls=270 solstice have been done individually adjusting the horizontal wavelength and maximum source flux parameters within the gravity wave scheme. , and Other M-GITM simulations have also been provided in a different format. These M-GITM simulations are ‘flythroughs’ of model output, extracted along the same trajectory path of the MAVEN spacecraft, which allows for better data-model comparisons with in-situ MAVEN/NGIMS (Neutral Gas and Ion Mass Spectrometer) observations. These simulations have been done for three different NGIMS observational campaigns, both for cases that include and do not include the effects of gravity waves. Output from these simulations has NOT been averaged; instead, output from each simulated MAVEN orbit is included within the file. These files are named starting with “MGITM_TempExtraction” or “MGITM_WindExtraction” based on whether the MGITM flythrough was designed to be compared to MAVEN/NGIMS temperature or wind profiles, respectively.
Roeten, K. J., Bougher, S. W., Yigit, E., Medvedev, A. S., Benna, M., Elrod, M. K. (2022). Impacts of gravity waves in the Martian thermosphere: The Mars Global Ionosphere- Thermosphere Model coupled with a whole atmosphere gravity wave scheme. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets. In preparation.
Internally administered targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) with radio-labelled targeting molecules that deliver cytotoxic radiation to tumor has been used successfully to treat multiple cancers. Lu-177, used increasingly in TRT, emits both beta particles that deliver the therapeutic effect. FDA recently approved a fixed activity (4 cycles of 7.4 GBq/cycle as in NETTER -1) administered every 8 weeks. With the patient studies under this treatment, we collected CT images and corresponding volume of interest (organs, lesions) contours.
This publication contains anonymized diagnostic imaging scans of two patients. The images provided are pre-therapy scans used by clinicians for diagnosis and for selecting patients for treatment with Lu-177 DOTATATE. Multiple imaging modalities are present including diagnostic CT, MRI, and Ga68 PET, depending on the selected patient. All images are in DICOM format.
This publication contains anonymized planar whole body images of two patients. Patient scans were taken at 4 different time points in the week following a therapeutic dose of Lu-177 DOTATATE. Both anterior and posterior views are provided. All images are in DICOM format.
This publication contains anonymized time integrated activity maps for two patients. SPECT/CT scans were taken at 4 different time points in the week following a therapeutic dose of Lu-177 DOTATATE and combined into a single activity map for each patient. All images are in DICOM format.
This publication contains the anonymized SPECT/CT scans of two patients. Patient scans were taken at 4 different time points in the week following a therapeutic dose of Lu-177 DOTATATE. Each of the scans contains 5 subfolders, 3 of which contain SPECT projection data used for reconstructing SPECT images, and 2 contain the linear attenuation coefficient maps for the CT scans that correspond to each patients SPECT projections. All images are in DICOM format.
This publication contains anonymized DICOM structure files that were outlined on SPECT/CT scans for two patients. Organ contours include the liver, right and left kidneys, and spleen when present. Two to four lesions were outlined for each patient.
This publication contains anonymized SPECT/CT scans of two patients. Patient scans were taken at 4 different time points in the week following a therapeutic dose of Lu-177 DOTATATE. Both the SPECT and the co-registered CT are provided. All images are in DICOM format.
A growing body of work has linked key biological activities to the mechanical properties of cellular membranes, and as a means of identification. Here, we present a computational approach to simulate and compare the vibrational spectra in the low-THz region for mammalian and bacterial membranes, investigating the effect of membrane asymmetry and composition, as well as the conserved frequencies of a specific cell. We find that asymmetry does not impact the vibrational spectra, and the impact of sterols depends on the mobility of the components of the membrane. We demonstrate that vibrational spectra can be used to distinguish between membranes and, therefore, could be used in identification of different organisms. The method presented, here, can be immediately extended to other biological structures (e.g., amyloid fibers, polysaccharides, and protein-ligand structures) in order to fingerprint and understand vibrations of numerous biologically-relevant nanoscale structures.
This dataset contains data from direct numerical simulations of two-dimensional stationary and pitching flat-plate airfoils at Reynolds number 100. The dataset contains time-resolved snapshots of the velocity field, lift and drag coefficients, and airfoil kinematics spanning 40-100 convective time units. Cases include a stationary airfoil and eight different pitching frequencies. All data are stored within hdf5 files, and a Matlab script showing how the data can be read and manipulated is provided. Please see the ‘airfoilDNS_README.pdf’ file for more information. We recommend using the ‘airfoilDNS_example.zip’ file as an entry point to the dataset. and The dataset is part of “A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows” (see references below) and is intended to aid in the conception, training, demonstration, evaluation, and comparison of reduced-complexity models for fluid mechanics. The paper introduces the flow setup and computational methods, describes the available data, and provides an example of how these data can be used for reduced-complexity modeling. Users of these data should cite the papers listed below.
Towne, A., Dawson, S., Brès, G. A., Lozano-Durán, A., Saxton-Fox, T., Parthasarthy, A., Biler, H., Jones, A. R., Yeh, C.-A., Patel, H., Taira, K. (2022). A database for reduced-complexity modeling of fluid flows. AIAA Journal 61(7): 2867-2892. and Dawson, S. T. M., Floryan, D. C., Rowley, C. W., and Hemati, M. S. (2016) Lift enhancement of high angle of attack airfoils using periodic pitching. AIAA Paper 2016-2069.
Note: The "Readme_Metadata" file was updated on March 15, 2018 to include a citation to the related article making use of this data and was reformatted to be presented as a pdf file rather than as a docx file. and This data set is comprised of synchrotron-based X-ray transmission and absorption spectroscopy data as well as X-ray diffraction patterns that were performed to characterize the best-preserved examples of nanoscale iron silicate mineral inclusions from 2.5 billion-year-old Banded Iron Formations (BIFs) and ferruginous cherts.
Johnson, J. E., Muhling, J. R., Cosmidis, J., Rasmussen, B. & Templeton, A. S. (2018). Low-Fe(III) Greenalite Was a Primary Mineral from Neoarchean Oceans. Geophysical Research Letters, 45. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076311
These netcdf and Matlab files contain the information needed to reproduce Figures 1, 4, 8, 17, 18, 9-16 (minus the proxy values and Monte Carlo results), and the "24 hour" results of Figures 2 and 3.
Daher, H., Arbic, B. K., Williams, J. G., Ansong, J. K., Boggs, D. H., Müller, M., et al. (2021). Long-term Earth-Moon evolution with high-level orbit and ocean tide models. Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets, 126, e2021JE006875. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JE006875
Boles, A., & Pluijm, B. van der. (2020). Locally Derived, Meteoric Fluid Infiltration Was Responsible for Widespread Late Paleozoic Illite Authigenesis in the Appalachian Basin. Tectonics, 39(7), e2020TC006137. https://doi.org/10.1029/2020TC006137
The intent of the project was to identify all relevant studies and data related to the topic. There are searches for the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Elsevier Embase, Clarivate Web of Science, and Wiley Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The searches yielded 889 citations after duplicates were removed in Endnote X8.
Khouri AN, Adidharma W, MacEachern M, et al. The Current State of Fat Grafting in the Hand: A Systematic Review for Hand Diseases. HAND. February 2022. doi:10.1177/15589447211066347
The intent of the project was to identify all relevant studies and data related to the topic. There are searches for the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Elsevier Embase, Clarivate Web of Science, and EBSCOhost CINAHL. The searches yielded 1168 citations after duplicates were removed in Endnote X8.
Vitous, C. Ann MA, MPH*; Dinh, Duyhoang Q. BS†; Jafri, Sara M. BS‡; Bennett, Olivia M. BS†; MacEachern, Mark MLIS§; Suwanabol, Pasithorn A. MD, MS* Optimizing Surgeon Well-Being, Annals of Surgery Open: March 2021 - Volume 2 - Issue 1 - p e029 doi: 10.1097/AS9.0000000000000029